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chapter
North Africa
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cultural health | center of civilization from which ideas and technology spread |
| city-state | an independent state made up of a city and the territories depending on it |
| diffusion | spreading out |
| cuneiform | the earliest known from of writing,from Sumeria |
| religious tolerance | the acceptance of different religions to be practiced at the same time,without prejudice |
| monotheistic | related to a religions belief in one god or deity |
| messiah | a leader or savior |
| agricultural revolution | a period in which humans began to grow crops instead of gathering plants |
| adherent | follower of a religion,cause,or person |
| domesticate | to keep and use animals as a source of labor and food |
| sultan | a leader or ruler of the Ottoman Empire |
| Oasis | a fertile place with water in a desert area |
| irrigation | the process of redirecting water to crops through channels and ditches |
| nonrenewable | cannot reproduce quickly enough to keep up with its use |
| petroleum | raw materials used to produce oil |
| Desertification | a gradual transformation from fertile to less productive land |
| silt | fine particles of soil deposited along riverbanks |
| qanat | a human-made underground tunnel on the Iranian plateau,used for carrying water from the mountains |
| alluvial plain | flat area of land next to a stream of river that floods |
| arid | very dry,having almost no rainfall |
| fault | fracture in earth's crust |
| sarcophagus | coffin |
| pyramid | a stone monument built as a tomb in ancient |
| hydroelectric power | a source of energy that uses flowing water to produce energy. |
| hieroglyphics | An ancient system of writing that uses pictures and symbols. |
| dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family. |
| tomb | A burial place. |
| pharaoh | A king in ancient Egypt. |
| deity | A god or goddess |
| papyrus | A paper-like material invented in ancient egypt. |
| floodplain | The low-lying land next to rivers, formed by sediment left by flooding |
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