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chapter 15
North Africa
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Arid | very dry having almost no rainfall |
Desertification | a gradual transformation from fertile to less productive land |
Alluvial plain | flat area of land next to a stream of river that floods |
Silt | fine particles of soil deposited along river banks |
Irrigation | the process of redirecting water to crops through channels and ditches |
Petroleum | raw materials used to produce oil |
Nonrenewable | cannot reproduce quickly enough to keep up with its use |
Fault | a fracture In Earth's crust |
Oasis | a fertile place with water in a dry desert |
Qanat | a man made tunnel |
cultural hearth | center of civilization from which ideas and technology spread |
agricultural revolution | a period in which humans began to grow crops instead of gathering plants |
domesticate | to keep and use animals as a source of labor and food |
city-state | an independent state made up of a city and the territories depending on it |
cuneiform | the earliest known form of writing, from Sumeria |
monotheistic | the religious belief in one god |
messiah | a leader or savior |
pilgrimage | center of civilization from which ideas and technology spread |
diffusion | spreading out |
adherent | follower of a religion, cause, or person |
sultan | a leader or ruler of the ottoman empire |
religious tolerance | the acceptance of other religions |