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Chapter 15.
North Africa
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Arid | Very dry, almost no rainfall. |
| Desertification | A gradual transformation from fertile to less productive land. |
| Alluvial Plain | Flat area of land next to a stream of river that floods. |
| Silt | Fine particles of soil deposited along riverbanks. |
| Irrigation | The process of redirecting water to crops through channels and ditches. |
| Petroleum | Raw materials use to produce oil. |
| Nonrenewable | Cannot reproduce quickly enough to keep up with its use. |
| Fault | Fracture in the Earths crust. |
| Oasis | A fertile place with water in a dry desert area. |
| Qanat | A human-made underground tunnel on the Iranian plateau, used for carrying water from the mountains. |
| Cultural Health | Center of civilization from which ideas and technology spread. |
| Agricultural Revolution | A period in which humans began to grow crops instead of gathering plants. |
| Domesticate | To keep and use animals as a source of labor and food. |
| City-state | An independent state made up of a city and the territories depending on it. |
| Cuneiform | The earliest known form of writing, from Sumeria |
| Monotheistic | Related to a religious belief in one god or deity. |
| Messiah | A leader or savior. |
| Pilgrimage | A religious journey. |
| Diffusion | Spreading out. |
| Adherent | Follower of religion, cause, or person. |
| Sultan | A leader or ruler of the Ottoman Empire. |
| Religious Tolerance | The acceptance of different religions to be practiced at the same time, without prejudice. |
| Floodplain | The low-lying land next to rivers, formed by sediment left by flooding. |
| Hydroelectric power | A source of energy that uses flowing water to produce electricity. |
| Hieroglyphics | An ancient system of writing that uses pictures and symbols. |
| Dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family. |
| Pyramid | A stone monument built as a tomb in ancient Egypt. |
| Pharaoh | A king in ancient Egypt. |
| Deity | A god or goddess. |
| Papyrus | A paper-like material invented in ancient Egypt. |
| Tomb | A burial place. |
| Sarcophagus | Coffin. |