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US History (1877)
Midterm Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mercantilism | economic theory of limited wealth-England uses the colonies for wealth |
| Transatlantic Trade (Triangle Trade) | trade across the ocean |
| Navigation Acts | All trade controlled by England-Purpose: to control money |
| Southern Colonies: reason established people geography key place relationship w/natives people how money was made | to make money-- Virginia Company/J.Smith/J.Rolfe-- Warm/fertile soil/long growning season-- start off good then BAD-- Powhatan-- cash crops/slavery-- |
| New England Colonies: reason established people geography key place relationship w/natives people how money was made | religious reasons-- Pilgrims/Purtians-- Rocky soil/cold/short growning season -- Massachusetts-- bad relationship (Purtians)-- King Philip (Metacom)-- trade/ship building/fishing-- |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies: reason established people geography key place relationship w/natives people how money was made | religion/money-- Quakers-- mild winter/fertile soil (grains)-- Penn/New York-- generally no conflict w/natives-- trade-- |
| Which colonies were the most diverse? | Mid-Atlantic |
| Middle Passage and culture | part of triangle that transported slaves/cultures blended |
| Salutary neglect and the colonies | -England ignored the colonies as long as the got money -it allowed them to create their own governments (self-gov) |
| Great Awakening and its effects | -religious revival-- -challenged authority |
| French and Indian War: causes effects terms of Treaty of Paris 1763 | French and Indian War: trade and terrority-- lots of debt-- England got land to Miss River and Canada |
| Proclamation of 1763 Stamp Act Slogan Against Stamp Act Intolerable Acts passed Intolerable Acts | No pass line along the App. Mt./they fought for it tax on paper-- No Taxation without representation-- puishment for the Boston Tea Party-- Closed Harbor/placed under direct rule/Brit. officials to-- England/Quartering Act |
| Daughters of Liberty Sons of Liberty Committees of Correspondence | peaceful/boycotts-- violent-destructive/Boston Tea Party-- letters/unite the colonies against England |
| Common Sense: author audience purpose effect | Common Sense: TPaine-- colonists-- persuade them to fight-- caused colonist to want to fight |
| Declaration of Independence: Intellectual Sources Philosopher Natural Rights Social Contract Theory | John Locke-- people are born with certain rights-- people give the gov't power and govt protects people |
| Declaration of Independence: Organization preamble list of grievances conclusion | the Why-- the Reasons (grievances)-- the Attemps to keep peace |
| Declaration of Independence: purpose group that wrote it main writer | breaking from England-- Committee of Five-- T. Jefferson |
| French Alliance: Ambassdor secured French alliance how did they help | B. Franklin-- Battle of Saratoga-- supplies, soliders, use of Navy, etc... |
| Dutch Alliance: Ambassdor how did they help? | J. Adams-- money for supplies |
| Washington's leadership Baron von Steuben Marquis de Lafayette Valley Forge | great personality, stayed with troops, found supplies/trainers-- Prussia/organized army and created training program/lead troops-- French/helped train troops and lead them into battle-- received vital training that created a professional army |
| Battles: Trenton Key People Geography Importance | Trenton-- Washington-- crossing Delaware River-- moral boost |
| Battles: Saratoga Key People Geography Importance | Saratoga-- Gates-- foothills of New York state-- French alliance |
| Battles: Yorktown Key People Geography Importance | Yorktown-- Washington/von Steuben/Lafayette-- off the coast of Va-- last battle |
| Roles of Minorities: N. Americans Women Free Black ppl/enslaved ppl Hope to gain | guided British soldiers-- spies-- soldiers-- wanted freedom and equal rights/no they were forgotten |
| Treaty of Paris 1783: people provisions | Franklin/JAdams/JJay-- US is independent/US gets land to Miss River/Brits keep-- Cananda/US sets up govt. |
| Articles of Confederation What were they? Land Ordinance Northwest Ordinance westward migration | first govt/states had more power-- blocked up land in Ohio area-free school-- New states/NO Slavery-- opened up new land to move (manifest destiny) |
| Articles of Confederation: weaknesses Shays Rebellion show Shays Rebellion lead to | one branch/no tax/no trade-- AOC couldn't put rebellion down-Crisis-- the writting of the Constitution |
| Great Compromise 3/5th Compromise limit govt | VA Plan-based on state population/NJ Plan-equal count/Great Compromise-combined both plans for Congress today-- 3/5-slaves count in population-- sep of powers-3 branches/Federalism-state and federal govt --share powers |
| Federalist people Anti-Federalist | pro-Constitution-strong federal government-- J.Madison/J. Jay/ A. Hamilton-- state strong government/wanted a Bill of Rights |
| Federalist Papers what were they? authors purpose | series of news paper articles-- J.Madison/J. Jay/ A. Hamilton-- to ratify Constitution |
| Bill of Rights Which group wanted them | amendments to protect individual rights--- Anti-Federalist |
| Washington Presidency precedent precedents set Whiskey Rebellion Farwell Address | action that set up polices that are followed later-- cabinet/enforce the law/2 terms-- grain farmers rebelled against paying taxes on Whiskey-- Washington could put down the rebellion-new govt was strong-- No foreign alliances/political parties |
| Adams Presidency alien sedition election of 1800 | deporting 'dangerous' immigrants-- can't print anything negative against govt-- caused Adams to lose |
| Parties: Federalists leaders supporters economy constitutional interpretation | Adams/Hamilton-- cities-- strong federal govt-- loose interpetation |
| Parties: Demo-Repub leaders supporters economy constitutional interpretation | T.Jefferson-- farming-- state strong govt-- strict interpretation |
| Jefferson Presidency: LA Purchase beliefs | large land buy Miss River to Rocky Mt.-- strict constructionalist-he didnt believe presidents had the power to buy land |
| Madison Presidency: War of 1812 causes War of 1812 effects | Impressment-- pride and respect |
| Monroe Presidency: Monroe Doctrine | foreign policy of US neutrality and warning Europe out of Western Hemiphere |
| Jackson Presidency: Jacksonian Democracy Common man political party Nullification Crisis Indian Removal Act | stronger pres/weak congress-- all white men/suffrage (voting rights)-- Democratic party-- John C Calhoun/states try to nullify tariffs (fed laws) -SC-- 5 Native American nations are forced to walk to OK-Trail of Tears/military moved them by force |
| Henry Clay/Industrialization 4 factors new transportation American system 3 parts of American system Party supported American System-opposed | water-steam power/steamboats/interal improvements/protective tariffs/railroads-- infratructure-- to push for industrialization-- protective tarriffs/fed funding/restablish Nat'l bank-- Whigs/Democrats |
| Parties:Democrats leader supporters tariffs national bank | A. Jackson-- famers/southern-- no protective tariffs-- cancelled bank |
| Parties: Whigs leader supporters tariffs national bank | Henry Clay-- Cities/Northerners-West-- supported protective tariffs-- re-established national bank |
| 2nd Great Awakening key word temperance public edu suffrage Seneca Falls Convention women roles | reform/religion-- ban on alcohol-- taxed funded education for children-- right to vote-- women's rights meeting-Elizabeth Cady Staton-- led more reforms-more educated |
| abolitionist movement Nat Turner's Rebellion | ending slavery-- failed slave rebellion that caused stricter slave laws |
| Missouri Compromise | ME=Free, MO=Slave, no slavery above the 36'30 line |
| Manifest Destiny Polk fulfilled Manifest Destiny | belief that we should expand ocean to ocean (go west)-- Polk gets Texas, Oregon territory, and Mexican Cession |
| Mexican American War causes effects divide | border dispute over Texas-- we gain the Mexican Cession-- new states coming in, will they be slave or free |
| Compromise of 1850 favored by North favored by South popular sovereignty | outlawed slavery-CA is free--- futive slave act/voting on slavery-- voting |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act/overturn Bleeding Kansas John Brown North/South views | tried to vote (pop sov) but failed/overturned MO Compromise-- violence over voting in Kansas/failed-- violent abolitionist/Harpers Ferry-- North-matyr/South-Terrorist |
| Dred Scott Scott v Sandford Election of 1860 | an enslaved person sued for freedom-- slavery only ends w/amendment-no black person citizen-- Lincoln wins/South Carolina succeeds |
| North vs South | Norht-factories, people, food, railroads--- South-will and leaders |
| Lincoln habeas corpus Emancipation Proclamation Gettysburg Address 2nd Inaugural Address | right to trial/see a judge-Lincoln suspends to shut up sympathizers--- free slaves in rebelling states(South)/weaken moral-war about slavery-- moral boost for North-- Forgive South/slavery is over |
| CW Leaders JDavis UGrant RLee WSherman Stonewall Jackson | Confed Pres-- Lead Union General-- Lead Confed General-- Union general burned ATL-- Confed general-died |
| CW Battles Fort Sumter Antietam Vicksburg Gettsburg Atlanta | first battle- coast of SC-war starts-- bloody 1-day battle-creek in MD -Eman. Proc.-- control MS River-MS River-cuts South in 1/2 (turning pt)-- South invades North-foothills in Penn-stops South (turning pt)-- Destroys ATL-city-South gives up |
| Presidential Reconstruction view twoards South leaders Plan | lenient towards South-- Lincoln/Johnson-- 10% |
| Congressional Reconstruction view twoards South leaders Plan | punish South-- Congress/Republicans-- 50% |
| Significance of Lincoln's assassination Johnson impeachment | 1st pres assassinated-Johnson takes over-- Tenure of Office Act- acquitted by one vote |
| Freedmans Bureau/successful 13 14 15 | help former slaves adjust to freedom/kinda(while reconstruction was enforced-yes after it ended-no)-- free-- citizen-- vote-- |
| Black Codes hinder freedom KKK hinder freedom | modified slave codes-- stopped them from being free-- hate/terrorist group against A. Americans-- caused a system of fear/denied rights |
| Election of 1876 political party Compromise of 1877 | Hayes wins (shady deal)-- Republicans-- ends Reconstruction to win |
| Railroads-steel Railroads-oil | trains and tracks made of steel-- tracks built to go to oil fields |
| JD Rockefeller industry company strategy | Oil-- Standard Oil-- vertical intergration -buy it all |
| A Carnegie industry company strategy | Steel-- US Steel-- vertical consolidation (own it all) |
| Trust Monopoly | owning all the steps to make a product (field to store)-- 1 person owns all products |
| Invention: telegraph inventor impact on business impact on society | S. Morse-- easier communication from business to business-- easier to communication across country |
| Invention: telephone inventor impact on business impact on society | AG Bell-- more effective communication (voice to voice)-- faster communication across country |
| Invention: light bulb inventor impact on business impact on society | T. Edison-- factories open 24/7-- homes get safer lighting |
| Ellis Island | East coast site for Europeans Immigration |
| Angel Island | West coast site for Asian Immigration |
| Immigration on economy immigration on politics immigration on culture | demand increased for goods-- nativist movement-against immigrants-- new foods |
| Labor Unions formed tactics influence AFL | want better pay/conditions-- collective bargaining/strikes-- challenged labor laws-- leader:S. Gompers, members:factory workers, tactics: strikes |
| Trancontiental Railroad signify population growth in west innovations in farming | connect country-Irish and Chinese-- manifest destiny-- Homestead Act-- plows, barbwire, & windmill |
| Plains Indians consequences Little Big Horn Wounded Knee Leader | settlers moving into Indian land-- wiped out bufflo/reservations-- N. Americans won-- over 300 massacred-- Sitting Bull |
| Muckrakers Upton Sinclair Ida Tarbell Jacob Riis Jane Addams | The Jungle-Safe food and drug act-- Standard Oil-sherman anti trust act-- How the Other Half Lives-housing-- Hull House-helps immigrants adjust |
| Movements Why women | temperance-suffrage-sanitation-education-- forgotten in the 15th and more educated |
| Plessy v Ferguson strengthen jim crow NAACP | separate but equal-- made the law legal-- to challenge jim crow laws in court-WEB Dubois |
| Initiative referendum recall 17th | petitions-- force vote-- remove officials-- direct vote for senators |
| imperialism Spanish American War causes Spanish American War effects Philippine American War | expand passed borders to gain colonies-- harsh treatment of Cubans-USS Maine-Yellow Journalism-- Cuba free-PGP-- wanted independence- fought and lost |
| Hawaii Alaska for expansion antiexpansion | annexed-wanted to control for business/location-- Russia-- social darwinism-- against Constitution |
| Roosevelt Corollary Big Stick Panama Canal | Europe not allowed to give out loans to Americas-LA didnt like-- T. Roosevelt-negotiations first then fight-Speak softly and carry a big stick-Haiti-- faster sailing time-control |
Created by:
sdevans
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