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US History Exam 1
Reconstruction through modern day
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Name of the co-op of angry farmers formed to raise bargaining power with the railroads before they became a political party | The Grange |
| 1866 speaking tour Andrew Johnson went on intending to persuade people to vote for democrats in the midterms that * Incited racist violence * Was mentioned in his impeachment charges | Swing round the circle tour |
| President during reconstruction | Andrew Johnson |
| The two amendments pres. Wilson asked for as war measures | 18th: Prohibition 19th: Women's suffrage |
| Ways that southern states barred Black people from voting without mentioning race | * Grandfather clauses * "Literacy tests" * Poll taxes * All white primaries |
| _ had "a backbone like a chocolate eclair" which put the US in the _ war | Mckinley, Spanish-American War |
| What group did the US military battle to take land from and extend the railroads | The Native Americans |
| Steps of the Mississippi Plan (in order) | 1) Use violence to win elections and state legislature 2) Hold constitutional conventions 3) Change state constitutions to keep Black people from voting |
| Act during Arthur's presidency that ensured civil service reform and ended the spoils system | Pendleton Act |
| Only thing the 2 parties disagreed on by the 1880s | Tarrifs R: wanted high tarrifs D: wanted low tarrifs |
| Radical Republican's initial plan for Reconstruction that was vetoed by Lincoln | Wade-Davis Bill half of the former confederate states had to rewrite their constitution in order to re-enter the union |
| Group who wanted but ultimately didn't succeed in taking land from slaveowners and giving it to freed people | Radical Republicans |
| Why was Andrew Johnson impeached? | Violating the Tenure of Office Act by trying to fire the Secretary of War in charge of military reconstruction |
| What Supreme Court case made segregation legal in the US | Plessy v. Furguson |
| Which law banning monopolies was TR the first president to actually enforce? | Sherman Anti-trust Act |
| 16th Amendment | Progressive income tax |
| Which 3 revolutions threatened American economic interests in the 1910s | * Russia * China * Mexico |
| The two events that sparked America's entry into WWI | * Zimmerman telegram * The sinking of the Lusitania |
| Worst mutiny incident in US military history | Camp Logan Mutiny * during WWI |
| What split Taft with the old conservative guard and TR with the more liberal republicans | The Payne-Aldrich Tariff |
| Why did TR support the nationalist movement in Panama who wanted their independence from Colombia | Because they gave him a better deal on the Panama Canal |
| The two acts that banned written and verbal criticism against the war or the US government | * Sedition Act * Espionage Act |
| What was TR's stance during the Anthracite coal strike of1902 | a neutral party mediating between the workers and business owners representing the interests of the public |
| Why did Americans initially try to throw the Hawaiian monarchy | So they wouldn't have to pay the high Mckinley tariff on imported sugar |
| 17th Amendment | Direct election of American senators |
| Idea that said it was conquering frontiers that set America apart from all other nations and encouraged further conquest and imperialism | Turner's Frontier Thesis |
| Idea that birth control and abortion should not be allowed for educated middle and upper class white women because the nation needed them to have more babies | Positive Eugenics |
| Idea that women who weren't white upper or middle class should be discouraged from having children and be sterilized, often without their knowledge or consent | Negative Eugenics |
| Book written with the intent to educate the public about the terrible working conditions in the meat processing industry, but led to a revolution on food safety instead * "aimed for the heart, accidentally landed in the stomach" | The Jungle by Upton Sinclair |
| Law intended to criminalize "immoral" transportation of women across state lines, but was often used to penalize interracial marriages | The Mann Act |
| Term used for when two unmarried women lived together as life partners | Boston Marriage |
| Pogrom that sparked the founding of the NAACP | Springfield Pogrom of 1908 |
| Political machines | Helped immigrants and in exchange for votes and tax dollars, rewarded friends with bribes and seats in office |
| Interstate commerce act 1887 | Railroads must charge everyone the same rate, not actually enforced until Teddy Roosevelt |
| Dawes Act | Let gov. classify native land and sell it to white people |
| Legislative branch | Makes the laws * Senate and House of reps |
| Executive branch | Enforces the laws |
| Judicial branch | Interprets the laws * Judicial review 1803: interprets the constitution and it's application |
| Primary election | Determines the party's representative who will run for president |
| General election | Where electoral college votes for the president |
| 13th Ammendment | Slavery outlawed unless convicted of a crime |
| Radical Republican's plan for Reconstruction | * Distribute slaveowner land to freed people * Divide confederate states into military districts * Black suffrage * 14th amendment (citizen rights under the law) |
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1763
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