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7.12-.14 Vocab APUSH

QuestionAnswer
established to manage war industries War Production Board
regulated almost every aspect of civilian life: freezing prices, wages, and rents, and rationing commodities (meat, gasoline, and auto tires) to fight wartime inflation. Rationing led to the black market (buying and selling items illegally) Office of Price Administration
produced the first atomic weapons run from the research and development Government Manhattan Project
victory over fascism abroad (WWII) and the victory of equality at home (civil rights) Double V
1942 agreement with Mexico which allowed Mexican farmworkers to enter the US temporary for the harvest season without going through a formal immigration procedure (lack of farmers because WWII) Braceros
Ordered over 100K Japanese Americans on the West Coast to leave their homes and move to internment camps. Ruled just but later federal government agreed the ruling was unjust and awarded financial compensation (in 1988) Korematsu vs. USA
US General in Europe operation torch (taking North Africa from Germany) Next, Sicily and full invasion of Italy (Mussolini fell but Germany rescued him and defended Italy) Also led d-day Dwight Eisenhower
Operation Overlord Largest sea invasion in history commanded by Eisenhower with British and Canadian forces to liberate France Huge loss for Germany D-Day
1942 battle was the turning point in the Pacific. US naval forces dominated a vast area, intercepted and decoded Japanese messages which enabled the U.S. forces to destroy 4 Japanese carriers and 300 planes Ended Japanese expansion Midway
striking distance of Japan’s home islands by seizing strategic locations in the Pacific. Using this strategy, commanders bypassed strongly held Japanese posts and isolated them with naval and air power. Allied forces moved steadily toward Japan Island Hopping
US commander of army units in the Southern Pacific Was driven from the islands and famously vowed, “I shall return.” The conflict that prepared the way for U.S. the reoccupation of the Philippines was the largest naval battle in history. Douglas MacArthur
director of the Los Alamos Laboratory, New Mexico, successfully tested the first atomic bomb on July 16, 1945 Robert Oppenheimer
On August 6, an A-bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, and on August 9, a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. About 250,000 Japanese died, either immediately or after a prolonged period of suffering, as a result of the two nuclear bombs. Nagasaki and Hiroshima
First big 3 conference in this North African city (January 1943) no Stalin only Roosevelt and Churchill, agreed on a strategy to win the war, invade Sicily and Italy and to demand “unconditional surrender” from the Axis powers. Casablanca Conference
Big Three fully met for the first time in this Iranian city in November 1943. Agreed that Britain and America would begin their drive to liberate France in the spring of 1944 and Soviets would invade Germany and eventually join the war against Japan. Tehran Conference
Feb 1945, big 3 met to discuss peace, most historic meeting -Divide Germany into zones, territories to Poland and Soviets -liberated countries of Eastern Europe would hold free elections -Soviets join against Japan -Future conference to form the UN Yalta Conference
Missouri senator and now vice president of FDR (whose health was deteriorating) (previous VP Henry Wallace was too radical) Took over after FDR passed on April 12, 1945 and had huge responsibilities Harry Truman
Place in Germany after their surrender Next Japan was to surrender unconditionally Germany divided into 4 zones Stalin -> harsher treatment and views a-bomb as a threat to him Truman to get "tough" with Soviets, Eastern Europe Stalin's puppets Potsdam Conference
Peacekeeping organization Congress accepts (unlike LON) 1944 near Washington D.C, the US, Soviet Union, GB, and China proposed this organization April 1945 - 50 nations in San Fran to draft charter Oct 1945 - became into existence United Nations
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