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Sociology Exam 1

UNR

TermDefinition
Sociology The systematic study of human societies, social structures, interactions, and institutions.
Social institutions Relatively permanent structural arrangements focused on meeting society's material and non-material requirements, contributing to its maintenance and continuance.
Functionalism Explains social organization and change in terms of functions performed by different social structures, but fails to recognize inequality and its effects.
Conflict theory Focuses on the essential role of the way humans produce things in any society and the concept of modes of production in different societies.
Symbolic Interactionism Considers symbols or things with attached meanings as the basis of all social life and interaction.
Durkheim Developed the concept of a social fact and provided an analysis of the roots of social solidarity and religion as a force in modern life.
Marx Argued that capitalism would soon become the dominant global economic system, contributing to the conflict theory.
Weber Made major contributions to sociology with value-free sociology and the protestant ethic.
Sociology Experiment Involves studying group behavior, such as celebrations, protests, or riots.
Survey Studies patterns of behavior among large groups of people to gather information about various variables.
Participant Obs Involves the researcher participating in a research setting while observing the happenings.
Content Analysis Involves the analysis of data already collected by other researchers for different purposes.
Sampling Involves studying a small proportion of people from the target population that a researcher aims to study.
Generalization Determines if the findings of a study apply to a larger group or another population.
Reliability Determines if conducting the same study using the same measurements will yield the same results.
Validity Determines if the study measures what it was intended to measure.
Social relations Stable patterns of conduct between social statuses, groups, institutions, and nation states that are recurrent in time and space.
Social character The common set of 'personality traits' exhibited by members of a society.
Ecology Refers to the effect the physical environment has on the organization of human communities.
Demography Factors used to define the characteristics of a person or a population.
Sociological imagination A unique way of looking at the world, connecting personal issues to larger social structures and distinguishing between personal troubles and public issues.
Social Fact Collective thoughts and shared expectations that influence individual actions.
Commodity Fetishism Describes economic relationships of production and exchange as social relationships among things, obscuring the production process at the point of consumption.
Social Action An act which takes into account the actions and reactions of individuals.
Confirmation Bias The tendency of people's minds to seek out information that supports the views they already hold.
Quantitative Positivism, countable, measurable, statistical tools, numerical values, emotional distance from the research process.
Qualitative data Interpretative, understanding the texture of social life, making the human connection, seen as less scientific.
Correlation A measurement of association indicating a relationship between two or more variables, which doesn't equal causation.
Informed consent The voluntary participation of someone in a research project based on a full understanding of possible risks and benefits involved.
Created by: Ompkin
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