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Japan
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Minamoto Yoritomo | He set up a military government; the first shogun of Japan and the start of the age of the warrior government |
| Kamakura | A small seaside town where the shogun set up his own government headquarters |
| shogunate | era when a shogun ruled Japan |
| shogun | head of the military government of Japan in the era of the samurai; commander-in-chief |
| samurai | powerful trained, professional warrior class in Japan; “to serve” |
| conduct | the manner in which a person behaves |
| Bushido | samurai code that called on warriors to be devoted to his master, be honest, fair, and fearless; “the way of the warrior” |
| feudalism | political system based on the bonds of loyalty between Lords and vassals |
| vassal | a person who receives land and protection from a feudal lord in exchange for obedience and service |
| daimyos | local lords in Japan that gave samurai land in return for protection |
| Tokugawa Ieyasu | defeated all other daimyos and became shogun, uniting Japan under one leader; Moved the capital to Edo, present-day Tokyo |
| kimono | a long, loose robe with wide sleeves and tied with a sash, originally worn as a formal garment |
| martial arts | styles of fighting or self-defense, such as modern-day judo and karate, that began mostly in Asia |
| calligraphy | The art of beautiful writing |
| Matsuo Basho | Famous samurai poet who invented a new form of poetry called haiku |
| haiku | A poem consisting of three lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables, making 17 syllables in all |
| tea ceremony | A ceremony that fostered a spirit of harmony, reverence, and calm among warriors; served as an important way to form political alliances |
| Buddhism | religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama; “The Buddha” that taught the way to find truth was to give up all desires that was caused suffering |
| sect | a group of people with somewhat different religious beliefs from those of a larger group to which they belong |
| Amida Buddhism | A form of Buddhism founded on the belief that all people can reach paradise by relying on the mercy of Amida Buddha |
| Zen Buddhism | a form of Buddhism that stresses self-reliance and enlightenment through meditation |
| meditation | a spiritual discipline that involves deep relaxation and clearing the mind of distracting thoughts to find inner peace |
| koans | a riddle or puzzle that Zen Buddhists use during meditation to help them unravel greater truths about the world and about themselves |
| seppuku | a form of taking one's own life that was considered honorable among the feudal Japanese samurai class; ritual suicide |
| Tomoe Gozen | a female samurai who lived in Japan; became truly legendary for her heroic feats in the Genpei War |
| arrange marriage | a marriage in which the spouses are chosen for each other by their parents |
| restoration | the return of a past state, situation, or ruler |
| kamikazes | a Japanese aircraft loaded with explosives and making a deliberate suicidal crash on an enemy target; “divine wind” |
Created by:
jade d
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