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Population Concepts
APHG Unit 2 Vocabulary and Concepts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| agricultural density | The number of people living in rural areas per unit of agricultural land. |
| carrying capacity | The number of people an area can support on a sustained basis. |
| chain migration | That part of a migrant flow (usually relatives and friends) that follows former migrants to an area. |
| channelized migration | Repetitive pattern of migration not linked to family or ethnicity (senior citizens moving to the Sun Belt). |
| crude birth rate (CBR) | The number of babies born per 1 |
| crude death rate (CDR) | The number of deaths per 1 |
| arithmetic density | The number of people per unit of land (also called crude density) |
| demographic transition model | A model that shows the link between population growth and economic development using four or five stages of economic development. |
| demography | The study of the characteristics of a human population. |
| density | The number of an item within a unit of area. |
| dependency ratio | The ratio of people under age 15 and those 65 older to those age 15 to 65. |
| developed countries (DCs) | Countries such as the U.S. |
| distance decay | The principle that says migrants try to minimize the friction of distance by moving to locations closer to them rather than farther away. |
| doubling time | The length of time it takes for a country's population to double in size if the growth rate stays the same. |
| ecumene | The part of the Earth that is fit for humans to live. |
| human capitol theory of migration | Theory that states that educated workers often migrate from poor countries to wealthy countries seeking better-paying jobs. |
| internally displaced person | A person who is forced out of the home region due to war |
| intervening opportunity | The idea that migrants will choose a location closer rather than farther if all other factors are roughly the same. |
| life course theory of migration | Theory that states that the interaction effects of family life course events (marriage |
| migration | The movement of humans from one place to another. |
| physiological density | The number of persons per unit of agricultural land |
| place utility | A person's satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a place. |
| population density | The number of person per unit of land area. |
| population momentum | The propensity for a growing population to continue growing even though fertility is declining because of their young age distribution. |
| population pyramid | A model that shows the composition of a population by age and sex. |
| pull factor | Factors such as better job opportunities or a more pleasant climate that attract a migrant to a new area. |
| push factor | Factors such as war |
| rank-size rule | Proposed by Zipf |
| rate of natural increase (NIR or RNI) | the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate |
| replacement level | The population level necessary to assure the population continues to replace itself. |
| step migration | The series of small moves of a migrant to reach a destination |
| zero population growth | A condition in which births plus immigration equals deaths plus emigration for individual countries. |
| neo-Malthusianism | the belief that population growth has a tendency to exceed food supply but that government policies can successfully rein this growth in. |
| anti-natalist policy | Government actions to restrict growth of the population. |
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rkrauseemhs
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