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Ancient Greece
Vocab of Ancient Greece (Study)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Polis | A Greek word for a City-State |
| Acropolis | A high hill upon which a Greek fortress was built |
| Classical Age | An age marked by great Greek achievements |
| Mythology | Stories about gods and heroes that tries to explain how the world works |
| Persian War | A series of wars between Persia and Greece during the 400s BC |
| Peloponnesian War | A war between Athens and Sparta in the 400s BC |
| Trojan War | The ten-year war waged against Troy by the Greeks, caused by the abduction of Helen by Paris and resulting in the burning and destruction of Troy. |
| Hellenistic | Greek like: heavily influenced by Greek ideas |
| Colonization | The act or process of establishing a colony or colonies |
| Philosophy | A set of ideas or beliefs relating to a particular field or activity; an underlying theory |
| City State | Greece was split into separate groups called city states. They made their own rules, had their own laws and often clashed with eachother |
| Mount Olympus | Believed to be the home of the Ancient Greek gods. |
| Parthenon | The temple that sits atop the Acropolis in Athens |
| Theatre | A venue that was home to performances of plays the Ancient Greeks wrote. |
| Tragedy and Comedy | Most Greek plays were either tragedies – retelling a sad event – or comedies that aimed at making people laugh. |
| Sparta | A famous city state that focussed on a strong military and total discipline. |
| Athens | The centre of the Ancient Greek world which went on to become the capital of modern Greece. |
| Hoplites | The name given to the Ancient Greek soldiers. |
| Slaves | People that had no rights and were owned by free Greeks. They were often captured during battles |
| Alexander the Great | The most famous Ancient Greek general. He conquered much of Europe and Asia. |
| Column | A key feature in Greek architecture that has since been copied worldwide. |
| Democracy | The idea that every free person gets a vote and their opinion will be heard |
| Myths | The stories that the Ancient Greeks told about their gods. They often explained events or gave reasons for things happening in the world. |
| Pottery | The Ancient Greeks created beautiful pieces of pottery that often showed scenes from their plays, myths, and everyday life. |
| Philosophy | The Ancient Greek world saw the birth of philosophy which is the art of thinking about life and the world we are in. |
| Siege | A military operation in which enemy forces surround a town cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling those inside to surrender |
| Marathon | Marathon is the scene of a famous Greek battle victory over the Persians in 490 BC; the modern race is based on the tradition that a messenger ran from Marathon to Athens with the news |
| Demi-Gods | The ancient Greeks believed that their Gods came to Earth in human form and had relationships with mortal humans. Their children were known as demigods meaning half god and half mortal often with super human strength |
| Zeus | The King of the Ancient Greek Gods he is often shown in a white toga with long white hair and a white beard |
| What are the 3 seas that surround Greece? | Mediterranean Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea |
| What are the two city-states that fought in the Peloponnesian War over Peloponnesus? | Sparta and Athens |
| What is the name of the mountain range in the northwest? | Pindos Mountains |
| How did democracy involve ALL citizens? | They were able to vote on important issues. |
| Athens is considered to be the birthplace of what type of government? | Democracy |
| The Trojan War started after what event? | The abduction of Helen, the wife of the king of Greece by a man named Paris. |
| How long did the Trojan War last? | 10 years |
| How many men were hidden in the horse? | 30 |
| In the Trojan War, who were the Greeks trying to defeat and get into their city-state? | Troy |
| Who was the Parthenon built for? | Athena |
| Where was the Parthenon located? | On top of an acropolis |
| What were the athletes participating in the Olympics trying to demonstrate? | Strength and athleticism |
| Where did the origial Olympics take place? | Olympia |
| Athens became the center for what? | Culture and education |
| Why was educating men in Athens so important? | Because someday they were expected to serve in their government. |
| What was an important part of being a Spartan citizen? | To be loyal and obedient |
| At what age did Spartan boys first begin to train for battle? | 7 |
| Why would water surrounding Greece affect life there? | People had to adapt and become fishermen, sailors and boat builders to survive. |
| What was important about the landscape and why? | It was surrounded by seas and mountains which isolated them from others, so they had to become an independent city-state. |
| What is the name of the country in the northern part of Greece? | Macedonia |
| The first civilizations began on the island of .... | Crete |
| How big was Alexander's army (a.k.a. Army of Macedonia) | Alexander's army was made up of 40,000 men. |
| How old was Alexander the Great when he died? | He was only 33. |
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