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Microbiology test 6

Spring 2010

QuestionAnswer
Koch's postulates don't apply to all diseases because All diseases aren't caused by microorganisms
Mechanical transmission differs from biological transmission in that mechanical transmission doesn't involve specific diseases
What type of infection can be caused by septicemia Systemic infection
Koch observed Bacillus anthracis multiplying in the blood of cattle. What is this condition called? Septicemia
One effect of washing regularly with antibacterial agents is the removal of normal microbiota. This can result in Increased susceptibility to disease
Whis of the following is a fomite? a)pus b) insects c)a hypodermic needle d)water e)droplets from sneeze c) a hypodermic needle
symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms are changes felt by the patient
how would an "endemic level" be shown on a graph a straight line which represents a LOW amount of occurances
Influenza tranmitted by an unprotected sneeze is a example of droplet transmission
Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery. This is an example of Nosocomial Infections
The most frequently used portal of entry for pathogens is the mucous membrans of the respiratory tract
The ID50 is a does that will cause an infection in 50% of the test population
which of the following statements about exotoxins is generally not true they are not destroyed by heat
All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies except membrane-disrupting toxins
which of the following is not considered entry via the parenteral route hair follicle
Botulism is caused by an exotoxin, therefore it could easily be prevented by Boiling food prior to consumption
A needlestick is a example of which portal of entry parenteral route
Antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat Gram-negative bacterial infections
The administration of amplicillin before surgery decreases the risk of staphylococcal infection
in response to the presence of endotoxin, phagocytes secrete tumor necrosis factor. This causes a decrease in blood pressure
Which organism most easily causes an infection Legionella pheumophila ID50-1
Which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses None of the above
Which of the following organsims doesn't produce an exotoxin Salmonella typhi
Endotoxins are part of the gram-negative cell wall
Which of the following is not a membrane disrupting toxin A-B toxin
Cytopahtic effects are changes in host cells due to Viral infections
Which of the following does not contribute to a pathogen's invasiveness toxins
a sexually transmitted disease is an example of direct contact
All of the following statements about biological transmission are true except houseflies are an important vector
a nosocomial infection is acquired during the course of hospitalization
Innate immunity is the body's ability to ward off diseases
Whihc of the following exhibits the highest phagocytic activity basophils
Which of teh following is found normally in serum complement
Which of the following is not an effect of complement activation Interfence with viral replication
which of the following is not true of fixed macrophages they are mature monocytes
Chill is a sign that Body temperature is rising
the classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by Antigen-antibody reactions
Vasodilation is caused by all of the following except Complement
Activation of C5-C9 results in Leakage of cell contents
Which of the following is involved in resistance to parasitic helminths Eosinophil
Which one of the following does not belong with the others natural killer cell
All of the following occur during inflammation. What is the first step? Vasodilation
Chlamydia trachomatis can live inside white blood cells beacause it Inhibits formation of phagolysosomes
Bacterial enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase can protect bacteria from Phagocytic digestion
Which of the following is an effect of opsoization Increased adherence of phagocytes to microorganisms
The function of the "ciliary escalator" is to Remove microorganisms from the lower respiratory tract
Type of immunity resulting from vaccination Artificially acquired passive immunity
The specificity of an antibody is due to The variable portions of the H and L chains
The best definition of an antigen is A chemical that elicits an antibody response and can combine with these antibodies
Patients with an inherited type of colon cancer called familial adenomatous polyposis have a mutation in the gene that codes for Apoptosis
Antigens coated with antibodies are susceptible to Phagocytosis
Chemical signals sent between leukocytes are interleukins
All of the following are true about natural killer cells except The are stimulated by an antigen
In figure 17.2 which areas are similar for all IgG antibodies c and d
In figure 17.2 which areas are different for all IgM antibodies a and b
In figure 17.2 what can attach to a host cell e
Plasma cells are activated by an antigen
The antibodies found in mucus, saliva, and tears are IgA
The antibodies found on B cells are IgM
The antibodies that can bind to large parasites are IgE
Immunity resulting from recovery from mumps Naturally acquired active immunity
Newborns' immunity due to the transfer of antibodies across the placenta Naturally acquired passive immunity
T cells are actived by Interaction between CD4 and MHC II
Which of teh following is not normally used in a vaccine Antibodies
A reaction between an antibody and soluble antigen-forming lattices is called a(n) Precipitation reaction
An inderirect version of which test using antihuman globulin may be used to detect patient's antibodies against Treponema pallidum Immunofluorescence
What type of vaccine is live measles virus attenuated whole-agent vaccine
Which of the following is a pregnancy test used to find the fetam hormone HCG in a woman's urine using anti HCG and latex spheres Passive agglutination reaction
In Table 18.1 who probably had the disease A and B
In a direct ELISA test, what are you looking for in the patient Antigen
Live polio virus can be used in an Attenuated whole-agent vaccine
Hypersensitivity is due to An altered immune response
Graft-versus-host disease will most likely be a complication of A bone marrow transplant
A hypersensitivity reaction occurs On a second or subsequent exposure to an antigen
Hemolytic disease of the newborn can result from An Rh- mother with an Rh+ fetus
Treatment with certain drugs to reduce transplant rejection can cause Immunosuppression
Which of these causes of glomerulonephritis leads to all the others Antibodies against streptococcus
MMR vaccine contains hydrolyzed gelatin. A person receiving this vaccine could develop an anaphylactic reaction if the person has antibodies against gelatin
In rheumatoid arthritis, IgM, IgG, and complement deposit in joints. This is an example of Immune complex autoimmunity
Clinical AIDS is diagnosed when The CD4 Tcell count is <200/mm3
Hay fever is an example of Type I hypersensitivity
Transfusion reactions are an example of Type II hypersensitivity
All of the following statements about type I hypersensitivites are true except They are cell meidated
which of the following is not an immune complex disease Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Cancer cells may escape the immune system because Tumor cells shed their specific antigens
Autoimmunity is due to IgG and IgM antibodies
The chemical mediators of anaphylaxis are Found in basophils and mast cells
Which antibodies will bin the serum of a person with blood type B, Rh- Anti A, Anti Rh
Hepatitis B virus surface antigen can be used in a Subunit vaccine
Which of the following uses red blood cells as the indicator complement fixation
Which of the following is a test to determine patient's blood type by mixing patient's red blood cells Direct agglutination reaction
A test used to identify antibodies against Treponema pallidum in a patient is the Indirect fluorescent antibody test
A reaction between antibody and particulate antigen is called an Agglutination reaction
Created by: hlareau
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