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ush 5
reconstruction era
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| amnesty | the act of granting a pardon to a large group of people |
| pocket veto | indirectly vetoing a bill by letting a session of Congress expire without signing the bill |
| black codes | laws passed in the South just after the Civil War aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit African Americans |
| carpetbagger | name given to many Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War and supported the Republicans |
| scalawag | name given to Southerners who supported Republican Reconstruction in the South |
| graft | the acquisition of money in dishonest ways, as in bribing a politician |
| sharecropper | farmer who works land for an owner who provides equipment and seed and receives a share of the crop |
| sin tax | federal tax on alcohol and tobacco |
| tenant farmer | farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent either in cash or crops |
| crop lien | obligation placed on a farmer to repay a debt with crops |
| poll tax | a tax of a fixed amount per person that had to be paid before the person could vote |
| segregation | the separation or isolation of a race, class, or group |
| Jim Crow laws | statutes or laws created to enforce segregation |
| gross national product | the total value of goods and services produced by a country during a year |
| laissez-faire | policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy |
| entrepreneur | one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise |
| land grant | a grant of land by the federal government especially for roads, railroads, or agricultural colleges |
| corporation | an organization that is authorized by law to carry on an activity but treated as though it were a single person |
| trust | a combination of firms or corporations formed by a legal agreement, especially to reduce competition |
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