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Unit 7 Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Industrial Revolution | The economic changes in the late 1700s in which manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work. |
Lowell Mill Girls | Workers in the factories at Lowell, Massachusetts. |
Samuel Slater | British immigrant that introduced the first steam-powered factory to the United States. |
Richard Arkwright | Inventor of the water frame. |
Trade Union | Organization formed by a group of factory workers to achieve better working conditions. |
Urbanization | The process of people moving from rural farms to factories in cities. |
Interchangeable parts | A process of making standardized parts for easier and quicker repairs, |
Eli Whitney | Inventor of the cotton gin and the concept of interchangeable parts. |
Telegraph | A device that sends electrical signals long distances across wire using dashes and pauses. |
Irish Immigrants | Immigrants who worked on railroads and canals and lived in northeastern cities. |
German Immigrants | Immigrants who moved to the US, settled in the Midwest, and worked on farms. |
Emigrant | A person leaving a country. |
Immigrant | A person moving to a new country. |
Push Factor | A reason for leaving a country - like war, economic depression, famine. |
Pull Factor | A reason why a person settles in a new place - like a new job, more political freedom, and social mobility. |
Potato Famine | Blight on potatoes that led to the death of millions of Irish |
Know Nothing Party | A political party formed to prevent immigrants from voting and serving in office. |
Era of Good Feelings | A time of political harmony during James Monroe's presidency. |
American System | An economic system introduced by Henry Clay to grow the US economy so that it would become self-sufficient. |
Henry Clay | Proponent of the American System and Congressman from Kentucky. |
Erie Canal | A man-made waterway that connected New York City to the Great Lakes. |
Nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in one's country. |
Sectionalism | Pride in one's region or section of the country over the nation as a whole. |
Tariff | A tax on imports, passed to protect American manufacturing. |
Infrastructure | A nation's system of transportation and communication. |
Cotton Gin | A device that sped up the process of removing seeds from cotton. |
Memphis | The cotton capital of the south, where farmers traded cotton along the Mississippi River. |
Deep South | Southern states that relied the most on cotton - Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia, South Carolina, Texas. |
Slave codes | Laws passed by southern states to govern and punish slave behaviors. |
Spirituals | Religious folk songs sung by slaves to express their faith. |
Overt | Form of resistance in which enslaved people openly resisted slavery - like running away or rebelling. |
Passive | Indirect way in which enslaved people resisted slavery - like breaking farm equipment or faking an illness. |