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Unit 7 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Industrial Revolution | the economic changes in the late 1700s in which manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work |
Lowell Mill Girls | workers in the factories at Lowell, Massachusetts |
Samuel Slater | British immigrant that introduced the first steam-powered factory to the United States |
Richard Arkwright | Inventor of the water frame |
Trade Union | organization formed by a group of factory workers to achieve better working conditions |
Urbanization | the process of people moving from rural farms to factories in cities |
Interchangeable parts | A process of making standardized parts for easier and quicker repairs |
Eli Whitney | Inventor of the cotton gin and the concept of interchangeable parts |
Telegraph | A device that sent electrical signals long distance across wire using dashes and pauses |
Irish Immigrants | that worked on railroads and canals and lived in northeastern cities |
German Immigrants | to US that settled in Midwest on farms |
Emigrant | A person leaving a country |
Immigrant | A person moving to a new country |
Push factor | A reason for leaving a country--like war, economic depression, famine |
Pull factor | A reason why a person settles in a new place--like a new job, more political freedom, and social mobility |
Potato Famine | Blight on potatoes that led to the death of millions of Irish |
Know Nothings | A political party formed to prevent immigrants from voting and serving in office |
Era of Good Feelings | A time of political harmony during James Monroe's presidency |
American System | An economic system introduced by Henry Clay to grow the US economy so that it would become self-sufficient |
Henry Clay | Proponent of the American System and Congressman from Kentucky |
Erie Canal | a man made waterway that connected New York City to the Great Lakes |
Nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in one's country |
Sectionalism | Pride in one's region or section of the country over the nation as a whole |
Tariff | a tax on imports, passed to protect American manufacturing |
Infrastructure | a nation's system of transportation and communication |
Cotton Gin | a device that sped up the process of removing seeds from cotton |
Memphis | The cotton capital of the South, where farmers traded cotton along the Mississippi River |
Deep South | Southern states that relied the most on cotton - Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Georgia, South Carolina, Texas |
Slave Codes | laws passed by southern states to govern and punish the behavior of slaves |
Spirituals | religious folk songs sung by slaves to express their faith |
Overt | Form of resistance in which enslaved people openly resisted slavery - like running away or rebelling (direct) |
Passive | Indirect way in which enslaved people resisted slavery - like breaking farm equipment or faking an illness |