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Unit 2 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| artifact | an object made and used by people long ago |
| archaeologist | a scientist who studies ancient artifacts to learn about the past |
| prehistory | the period of time BEFORE writing was invented |
| history | the written and other recorded events of people |
| Stone Age | a period of time during which early humans made tools and weapons mainly from stone |
| Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age) | humans were hunter-gatherers |
| Mesolithic Era (Middle Stone Age) | humans were hunter-gatherers |
| Neolithic Era (New Stone Age) | humans began farming to produce food |
| nomad | a person who moves from place to place, has NO permanent home |
| pastoral nomads | people who move from place to place raising small herds of livestock (sheep, goats) |
| oral traditions | stories passed down by word of mouth, they often show what is important to a culture |
| domesticate | to adapt wild plants or animals for human use, to tame |
| fertile | good for growing crops |
| irrigation | to supply the land with water through a series of canals or pipes |
| surplus | more than is needed, extra |
| occupations | jobs |
| civilization | a society that has: cities, farming, a central government. specialized occupations and social classes |
| social classes | a group of people with similar backgrounds, incomes and ways of living |
| artisan | a worker who is skilled at making items by hand (basket maker, weaver) |
| trade | to exchange goods |
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