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Ch. 4 Antebellum SC
Review for Ch. 4 Antebellum in SC Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antebellum | Before the Civil War |
| Textiles | Fabrics related to weaving like cotton, cloth, and thread |
| Cotton Gin | Created by Eli Whitney to remove seeds from picked cotton |
| King Cotton | The South dominated the world's cotton- selling over half the world's cotton to other countries |
| Slave Resistance | Working slow, pretending to be sick, damaging tools |
| Emancipate | Freeing of the slaves |
| Underground Railroad | Route used for slaves to escape |
| Denmark Vesey | Leader of a rumored revolt in Charleston; found guilty without evidence |
| Free African Americans | mostly lived in Charleston, SC; were bricklayers, carpenters, housemaids, etc. |
| Abolitionist | Person who favors the ending of slavery |
| Grimke Sisters | Abolitionists from SC; moved to PA to push for anti-slavery legislation |
| Nationalism | Pride or patriotism for one's country |
| Era of Good Feelings | A time in the 1800s where the United States was politically united |
| Sectionalism | Putting a state or regions needs above the needs of the country; caused by state's rights and economic issues from slavery |
| Industry | Main economic source in the Northern United States |
| Cash Crops | Main economic source in the Southern United States |
| Farming/Mining | Main economic source in the Western United States |
| War of 1812 | America's second war of independence against Britain; ended in a tie |
| Tariff | A tax on certain goods |
| Protective Tariff | Created to support American businesses, instead of foreign goods; the South hated this |
| Internal Improvements | An American System to help build better infrastructure like roads, canals, bridges, and railroads |
| Market Revolution | Allowed for the three regions in the US to specialize in specific goods/jobs (North, South, West) |
| Missouri Compromise | Bring in MO as a slave state; ME as a free state; create the 36'30 parallel line |
| Popular Sovereignty | Rights of people living in a territory to vote if they want slavery or do not want slavery |
| Nullification | Choose to ignore a law that is viewed unconstitutional; this is not a legal practice |
| Nullification Crisis | Causes by the Tariff of 1828; John C. Calhoun said that the South could nullify the tax because it was unfair |
| Secession | To formally withdraw membership from a political state; threat was a result of the Nullification Crisis |
| Andrew Jackson | President during the Nullification Crisis'; disagreed with VP Calhoun |
| Compromise of 1850 | CA enters as a free state; UT and NM territories decided by popular sovereignty; Stopped slave trade in DC; Created a stronger Fugitive Slave Act |
| Henry Clay | Known as the Great Compromiser; wrote both the MO Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | Book written about the horrors of slavery; author is Harriet Beecher Stowe |
| John C. Calhoun | SC politician; resigned as Vice President; believed in Nullification, slavery, sectionalism |
| Kansas Nebraska Act | Allowed for popular sovereignty to determine whether these two territories would be free or slave states |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Train that goes from East to West Coast; caused the Kansas Nebraska Act |
| Republican Party | Replaced the Whig Party; strictly a Northern Party |
| Bleeding Kansas | Effect of the Kansas Nebraska Act; Killings led by John Brown |
| Kansas | Becomes a slave after lots of violence and popular sovereignty |
| John Brown | Abolitionist; led killings in Kansas and the raid on Harpers Ferry |
| Dred Scott | Black man that sued for freedom after living as a slave in free territory |
| Dred Scott Decision | Supreme Court determined that Scott was not free, not a citizen, and the MO Compromise was unconstitutional |
| Charles Sumner | MA Senator that called SC Senator a thug; was beaten with a cane on the Senate floor |
| Andrew Butler | SC Senator that was called a thug and compared to the criminals in Kansas |
| Preston Brooks | SC House of Representative Member; beat MA Senator with a cane on the Senate floor |
| Harpers Ferry | A federal arsenal that was broken into by John Brown in an attempt to arm a slave revolt |
| Robert E. Lee | Leader of the United States Military that arrested John Brown at Harpers Ferry |
| Election of 1860 | 4 candidates; Lincoln wins and SC secedes from the Union |
| Abraham Lincoln | Candidate in the Election of 1860; nominee for the Republican party; believed slavery should NOT expand westward |
| Stephen Douglas | Candidate in the Election of 1860; nominee for the Northern Democrats; believed slavery should be decided by popular sovereignty |
| John Breckinridge | Candidate in the Election of 1860; nominee for the Southern Democrats; believed slavery was an issue that the government should have no part in deciding on |
| John Bell | Candidate in the Election of 1860; nominee for the Constitutional Union Party; believed in ignoring the slavery issue |
| Manifest Destiny | America's God-given right to expand westward from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean |
Created by:
Ms. Guilbault
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