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US History S1
Colonial and Revolutionary Era of the United States of America
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three most important notes that Price uses to describe London in the exploration and colonial era? | Violent (heads on pikes) Dirty/unsanitary (coal smoke and sewage in the streets) Crowding and disease |
| What was Stannard's thesis about European culture trends in the age of exploration? | Greed Violence Intolerance |
| What is the thesis of chapter 2 of Lies My Teacher Told Me by Loewen? | A Eurocentric lense on exploration and colonization is simplistic, inaccurate, offensive to people of color, and does a disservice to all Americans. -- incomplete view and neglects pivotal roles of people of color |
| How long did the colonial era last in North America? | About 170 years |
| What are the key facts of early colonial life at Jamestown? (5) | Famine early on Tobacco African slaves and women to be wives were brought over in 1619 Pamunkey (part of Powhatan Confederation) helped the English colonists Bacon's Rebellion(tobacco and taking land regulations) |
| What are the key facts about colonial life in Williamsburg? | VA was the capital at the time The Continental Union was created there (1st unofficial flag) House of Burgesses was elected by privileged colonists Governors Council was appointed by king 1740s= religious Great Awakening |
| Thesis of chapter 11 of 1491 by Charles C Mann | Native Americans cultures, particularly the Haudenosaunee, were examples of freedom; the Great Law of Peace was a prime example. |
| What are the Great Laws of Peace? | A Native American document of democracy (that influenced the modern US Constitution) |
| Why did the Puritans of Plymouth, MA massacre the Pequot? | To take Pequot land To get rid of Pequot culture |
| What were the three beliefs held by the Puritans ABOUT the Pequot that the Puritans used to justify in their own minds the massacre and takeover? | They were "sinners" so God wanted them to suffer They saw the Pequot as hostile They thought the Pequot didn't own the land, so the Puritans could take it |
| Why did the colonists kill every man, woman, and child in the Pequot settlement that they could? (2) | The Pequot were seen as sinners To destroy Pequot culture |
| When did the enslavement of Africans begin in North America | 1619 |
| For how long did legal slavery last in North America | 240 years |
| Define chattel slavery | The enslaving and owning of human beings and their offspring as property able to be bought sold and forced to work without wages |
| Define “Middle Passage” | The sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies |
| Give descriptive details of the Middle Passage from the Amistad film | Crowded on boat Very little food Tortured to instill fear- in front of others for minor offenses Some drowned themselves Some were drowned part way through the trip |
| List the top facts about slavery from the textbook (5) | Slaves were used on plantations and for housework Colonists used fear and torture against slaves Slave trade made the South Atlantic System thrive Slaves made communities with each other Couldn't be taught reading or writing (still tried) |
| Communal cultures (year) | 300 000 BCE |
| Agri-cultures (year) | 10 000 BCE |
| Urban cultures (year) | 3 000 BCE |
| What are the roots of inequality? | |
| What did the Northern colonies include? | NH MS RI CN |
| What was the goal of the colonists in the New England/Northern colonies? | Have families + focus on trade + white Anglo-Saxon culture |
| What was the goal of the colonists in the Middle colonies? | Search for gold |
| Who was Amerigo Vespucci? | An Italian map maker paid by Italy for his work |
| What was the purpose of the Virginia Company? | To make money and establish a colony |
| What was the first permanent English settlement? | Jamestown VA |
| When were Africans first sold in VA as slaves? | 1619 |
| What group went on the Mayflower and where did they go? | Pilgrims went to Plymouth MA |
| Why did the Pilgrims go to MA? | To leave Anglican church and not have children be too Dutch |
| What were the two religious groups that went to Plymouth? | Pilgrims (1620) and Puritans (1630) |
| What are 2 points about the Middle Colonies? | “Diverse” cultures and religions and fur trade + farming |
| What happened in the 1680s (north and south) | Increase in the use of slave labor |
| How long was it between the start of slavery in North America to the Emancipation Proclamation and 13th Amendment | About 240 years |
| How long was it between the Early Colonial Era and the Revolutionary Colonial Era? | About 170 years |
| How many Africans were enslaved and imported to the Americas by the end of the 1700s? | 6-7 million |
| How many Africans were enslaved and imported to the Americas and North America by 1804? | 11-12 million total; 388 000 to North America |
| What is colonization? | Establishing control of a land far from home Sometimes done to acquire natural resources Sometimes done to establish military bases in strategic spots |
| How many years passed from the founding of Jamestown until the Declaration of Independence? | 169 years |
| How many years passed from the time of the Stamp Act until the Declaration of Independence? | 11 years |
| How many total years passed from the Declaration until the Constitution goes into effect? | 13 years |
| Why were the Americans frustrated that the British imposed new taxes? | Britain had previously been fairly hands-off with the colonists |
| What did the colonists need to do to stand a chance against Britain? | They had to work together |
| Where did the Continental Congress meet first? | Philadelphia |
| What country did Franklin get to ally with the colonists? | France |
| What is the thesis of “the unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America”? | Unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
| What type of evidence makes up the bulk of the Declaration? | Rights and freedom from the monarchy |
| What is the thesis for Crash Course US History #7 (“Who Won the American Revolution”)? | The US Revolution was revolutionary in its ideas, but not its policy; the equality rhetoric was powerful and influenced change over time- it was a process. |
| What is the thesis for Crash Course US History #8 (“The Constitution, Articles, and Federalism”)? | Founding Fathers knew we needed government stronger than the Articles of Confederation and wanted to protect from too much democracy and too much government; the Constitution is a starting point with the details to be worked out (process and battlefield) |
| What are key points on Hamilton’s significance (4)? | Unrivaled administrative competence A person of great contradiction Distrusted the masses (lower classes) but frequently addressed them Ambitious; rough around the edges, but brilliant |
| What are the top 5 achievements of the founding era? | Beat powerful and wealthy Britain First large-scale republic of modern world Invented political parties Legal separation of church and state No violent purges at the level of other areas |
| What are the 2 big failures of the founding era? | Didn't solve slavery issue Didn't make just policy for Native Americans |
| What are 3 important items on Ben Franklin? Political party? | Helped draft the Declaration Ambassador to France during the war Delegate/drafter at the Constitutional Convention -too early |
| What are 2 important items on Samuel Adams? Political party? | Organized Sons of Liberty Continental Congress; signed Declaration -Too early |
| What are 2 important items on John Adams? Political party? | Continental Congress; signed Declaration Washington's VP; 2nd president -Federalist |
| What are 2 important items on George Washington? Political party? | The General 1st president -"Federalist" by definition |
| What are 3 important items on Thomas Jefferson? Political party? | Key author of Declaration Ambassador to France Third president -Democratic Republican |
| What are 2 important items on Alexander Hamilton? Political party? | Continental Congress Secretary of Treasury -Federalist |
| What are 3 important items on James Madison? Political party? | Continental Congress Father of Constitution; party change from opposing govt over reach Founded DR w/ T Jeff; 4th president -F-->DR |
| Who wrote the Federalist Papers and what were they? | John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton wrote the Federalist Papers defending the US Constitution. |
| What was “Cabinet Battle #1” about? | Whether or not to make a National Bank for the National Debt |
| What happened in “The Room Where It Happens”? | The Compromise of of 1791 (where to put the capital and banks) |
| What was “Cabinet Battle #2” about? | Whether or not to help their allies in the French Revolution |
| What is Meacham’s thesis in “God and the Founders”? | Historical record shows: while America was guarded against European-style religious tyranny by setting a tolerant, diest tone, many leaders have expressed their reverence for a higher power. The balance is centuries old and requires eternal vigilance. |
| What are the top facts about Princess Watchekee (3)? | Kind, Trail of Death min. of 4 times, and related to powerful Potawatomi |
| Top 6 facts about Potawatomi culture | Independent groups w/ alliance Regalia tells stories Eagle feathers as high gift and handled with care Believe life is cyclical Clan and spirit name are important and part of identity Forced migration + Trail of Death |
| What, specifically, did white southerners want to do on the native land? | Grow cotton |
| Across which river were the native people forced to migrate? | The Mississippi River |
| Give some examples as to why it was called by a Choctaw a “trail of tears and death” | Thousands died from lack of help; forced from land with threats; bound in chains and had to walk in 2 perfect lines (Trail of Death) |
| How many Native Americans were driven off their land by 1840? | Over 10 000 Native Americans |
| What happened to the new “Indian territory” by 1907? | It became the state of Oklahoma |
| Where were some of the earliest battles in the US? | Boston |
| Where was the early federal government formed? | New York |
| Where were the Constitution and Declaration of Independence signed? | Independence Hall in Philadelphia |
| Where was war declared? | Philadelphia |
| When was the Stamp Act passed? | 1765 |
| Why was it called the “Boston Massacre” when 4 workers died? | Propaganda against British |
| When and when did the Continental Congress first convene? | Philadelphia in 1774 |
| When was the Continental Army gathered by G. Wash? | 1775 |
| When was Common Sense published? | January 1776 |
| Why was the crossing of the Delaware River risky? | Icy river during a storm (first major victory though) |
| When did B Franklin go to France to ally with America? | December 1776 |
| When did France sign a treaty of alliance with the United States? | February 1778 |
| When was the Battle of Yorktown? | October 19, 1781 |
| When were the Articles of Confederation written? | 1781 |
| When did they rewrite the Articles of Confederation? | May 1787 |
| What were the 4 key points about the American Revolution about? | Finances (taxes), enlightenment (questioning monarchy), freedom (from British), and alliance (with France) |
Created by:
OG06
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