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POLS Exam 4 Vocab
state govt final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MUD | municipal utility district |
| County commissioners court | consists of a judge & 4 commissioners |
| Dillon's rule | local govts are creatures of the state |
| Number of counties in TX | 254 counties in TX |
| State w/ highest number of local govts | Illinois (TX is 2nd) |
| State w/ lowest number of local govts | Alaska |
| Townships | Connecticut relies on this for govt |
| Fiscal Federalism | used by national govt to encourage local govts to do what they want |
| Largest county in TX by square miles | Brewster County |
| Smallest county in TX by square miles | Rockwall County |
| County clerk | in charge of birth & death reports |
| General law city population | under 5,000 people |
| Home rule city population | over 5,000 people |
| Zoning laws in TX | biggest city w/ no zoning laws is Houston |
| Municipal bond | certificate of indebtedness issued by a city |
| Steps in policymaking | last one is policy evaluation |
| Number of states w/o general income tax | 9 |
| HOA powers | lots of them; ban on-street parking, control color you can paint house, keep you from putting signs up in your lawn |
| Combined max for state & local sales tax in TX | 8.25% |
| Tom Vandergriff | used to be mayor of Arlington, TX; brought baseball to TX |
| Sin taxes | things state tax b/c they don't want you to do it (ex. cigarettes, alcohol, gambling) |
| Proposition 13 on Nov 7th ballot | vote to amend constitution & only one of the 14 to not pass; dealt with raising retirement age |
| Ad valorem tax | anything based on value of a property |
| Largest expenditure by TX | health & human services |
| ESF | AKA the rainy day fund |
| Number of special sessions this year so far | 4; Answer is A |
| World Series parade crowd estimate | 600,000 |
| PUF money | money that goes specifically to large state universities |
| Eminent domain | power govt has to take private property for public use |
| Fracking in Denton | Denton voted to ban fracking & got sued |
| ERCOT | in charge of energy grid in TX |
| Comanche Peak | last nuclear plant built in TX |
| TCEQ | oversees environmental quality in TX |
| Ogallala Aquifer | primary source of water in West TX; running out of water |
| High speed rail plan in TX | to build high-speed rail b/w Dallas & Houston |
| PPPs | way to finance used mainly for toll roads |
| NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement; need to know b/w United States, Mexico, & Canada |
| Gilmer-Aiken | modern school system in TX created |
| Texas SAT scores | average SAT score in TX is below the national average |
| THECB terms | need to know they're 6-yr terms |
| 2030 post-secondary degree plan | want ages 25-34 to graduate high school & 60% to make it by 2030 |
| Texas Higher Ed Enrollment in 2020 | 1,581,945; answer is B |
| Entitlement programs | medicare; pay in , get money back afterwards |
| Most insured residents | TX |
| CHIP | program that provides health insurance for kids |
| 14th amendment | if you're born in US, you're US citizen |
| State w/ most foreign residents | California |
| Medicare | healthcare for elderly |
| Funding TX universities | largest source for funding is tuition |
| Franchise tax in TX | primary tax on businesses |
| Galveston Hurricane 1900 | changed growth of TX; would've been biggest city otherwise |
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