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history final
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plato’s ideal form of government? He stated his philosophy in his work The Republic. | He thought everyone should live in a “just and rational state |
| Rome’s first code of law | They are called the twelve tables |
| What are some major differences between the Greco-Roman and Jewish and Christian traditions? | They believe in different Gods (Judeo-Christian) vs (Greco-Roman) |
| How did the Classical Greeks think about the individual? It is central to Western political thought today. | Dignity, Worth, and Achievement |
| A cornerstone of our government today is based upon some political ideas that came from Montesquieu. What are they? | His analysis of the governmental system of checks and balances. |
| Rousseau wanted society to be governed by what? | A social contract |
| One of the accomplishments of the French Revolution was a document that was based upon the Declaration of Independence? What document? | The declaration of the rights of man |
| The thinking behind the Enlightenment Era and how the people should be governed. | They thought people should be guided by natural laws, and leaders govern people based on this laws |
| What provisions were contained in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen? | Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Press, and an end to tax exemption. |
| What reforms did Napoleon introduce to France? | He created the Napoleonic code, made a public education system, and new transportation methods. |
| Philosophies of John Locke. | Before society was organized people had natural rights. The government protects those rights. |
| What Enlightenment philosopher published Two Treatises of Government, in which he detailed his beliefs regarding natural rights, including the right to life, liberty and property? | John Locke. |
| What was the Glorious Revolution all about? | England being invaded by William of Orange, and taking victory with almost no bloodshed, hence the glory. |
| Why is the Magna Carta significant in the history of democratic ideas? | It took away absolute power from monarchs |
| What factors contributed to the rise of the Industrial Revolution in England Britain? | Lots of available food, labor, and money. |
| The Textile industry met its last major challenge to full mechanization with the development of what? | Steam engine and textile |
| The Industrial Revolution created new jobs in what? | In coal mining, railroad construction, and factory work |
| Nationalism v. Patriotism (covers more than one question, be sure to define and compare each term) | Patriotism is a sense of responsibility to defend your nation, and is pushed by a sense of pride. Nationalism is patriotism to the extreme, it is now a sense of arrogance and extreme pride, it will protect that pride at any cost |
| What social change was brought about by the Industrial Revolution | The middle and working class were introduced. |
| What was the objective of the Romantic artists? | To stir up emotions and strong feelings. |
| How long did the Enlightenment Period last? | 150 years. |
| Mohandas Gandhi | He started the movement of Indian independence from Britain. He did not use violence when protesting British rule, and told the government to help the poor. |
| What did a growing Indian distrust of the British lead to? | The first indepence or the “Sepoy Mutiny” as the British called it. |
| Democracy | Athens was the first to practice this, all citizens (Men of the age of 18) could discuss issues openly and voted on matters. |
| Enlightenment view of women | Women were considered to have natural rights to home and family. |
| The Declaration of Independence states that the government should protect natural rights that were stated in what document. | The Bill of Rights from the U.S. constitution. |
| How did the US Constitution reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers? | It created a government based on a social contract, or the Bill of Rights. |
| How did France’s revolutionaries follow the examples set by leaders of the American Revolution? What did they write? | They also issued the declaration of the rights of man and citizen |
| Napoleonic Code and the Enlightenment principles | It placed importance on each individual. |
| What is a direct result of the discovery that germs cause disease? | Sanitation was taken more seriously. |
| What had the greatest impact on the improvement of working conditions in the 1800s? | Labor Unions strived for best work environments. |
| What contributed to German’s growth as an industrial power under Bismarck? | Natural resources found nearby, specifically Iron and Coal which were key in industrializing. |
| What event most led to the growth of nationalism in the Balkans? | The decline of the Ottoman empire. Otto had lost upwards of 14 countries from 1683 to 1911. |
| What had great power in the Third Republic in France? | The Chamber of Deputies that were voted in. |
| Why were the British able to conquer India’s vast territory? | They exploited divisions and diversity. |
| What did Japan gain control over which aided in it becoming an imperialist power? | They gained control over Korea. |
| Which system of law appeared first? | Hammurabi's Law code |
| Aristotle | Analyzing and classifying things as they are based on observations and investigation. |
| Why did Christianity first begin to spread quickly through the Roman Empire? | The apostle Paul travels through preaching. |
| Why did King John not want to sign the Magna Carta? | Because it took power away from him. |
| A cause of the French Revolution. | The main cause was a crisis in government finances. |
| The most political form in classical Mediterranean world | Democracy |
| The disease that took many lives in the fourteenth century | Bubonic Plague |
| Middle Passage | The voyage from africa across the atlantic to the americas |
| Which Enlightenment Thinker gave us the principle of “the ends will justify the means” approach to government? | Machiavelli |
| The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 | It declared the U.S. is capable of control from coast to coast and prevents Britain from colonizing any part of the americas. |
| One effect of the French Revolution | Nationalistic feelings grew |
| Primary Objective of the Declaration of independence? | To free colonies of British allegiance |
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