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U.S. Constitution
(8) History - Unit 2 (U.S. Constitution)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Legislative | Article One |
| Legislative, who? | Congress (Senate, House of Representatives) |
| Legislative | Bicameral |
| Legislative - Both | Required to meet once a year. |
| Legislative - Both | Declare war (also funds military) |
| Legislative - Both | Can override the president veto with 2/3 vote. |
| Legislative - Both | Can propose amendments with 2/3 vote and 3/4 states (state legislatures) must approve. |
| Legislative - House Of Representatives | Serve 2 year term (unlimited # of terms) |
| Legislative - House Of Representatives | Must be 25 yrs old & a citizen for 7 yrs. |
| Legislative - House Of Representatives | Proposes tax laws/revenue |
| Legislative - House Of Representatives | Impeach president. |
| Legislative - Senate | Serve 6 year term (unlimited # of terms) |
| Legislative - Senate | Must be 30 yrs old & a citizen for 9 yrs. |
| Legislative - Senate | Ratifies treaties with other nations |
| Legislative - Senate | Can try president after impeachment. |
| Legislative | Makes Laws |
| Executive | Article Two |
| Executive | Enforces Laws |
| Executive, who? | President, Vice President, Cabinet(Advisors) President -> Vice President -> Speaker of the House. |
| President term in office. | 4 yrs, 2 terms. |
| President elected . . . | November |
| President inaugurated(officially brought into the office) . . . | January |
| President | MUST be -at least 35 yrs old -native-born citizen -resident in U.S. for 14 consecutive yrs |
| Executive | Has power to approve or veto laws. |
| Executive | Makes treaties with foreign governments. |
| Executive | Nominates judges to Supreme Court |
| Executive | Appoints cabinet members |
| Executive | Commander-in-Chief U.S. Military forces. |
| Judicial | Article Three |
| Judicial, who? | Supreme and Federal Courts |
| Judicial, order. | Supreme Court -> Court of Appeals -> District Court |
| Judicial | Justices serve for life |
| Judicial Review | To declare laws to be unconstitutional. |
| Judicial | Can settle disputes involving the U.S. |
| Judicial | Can settle disputes between the states. |
| Judicial | Presides over the impeachment trial of the president (Chief Justice) |
| # of justices in supreme court. | 9 |
| Supreme law of the U.S. | Constitution |
| Total Articles | 7 |
| Total Amendments | 27 |
| Why is the action of being able to amend the constitution essential for the long term government. | So the constitution can change as society changes. |
| How were members of Congress elected when the Constitution was first ratified. | Before the 1820s, states would elect the members of Congress rather than as a national election. |
| Enumerated Powers | Powers granted to the central government given by the constitution. Reserved: States |
| Ratification process of the constitution | 9/13 states needed to ratify the constitution to become law. |
| Federalists | Like strong central government created under the new constitution. |
| Federalist | Alexander Hamilton |
| Federalist | James Madison |
| Federalist | John Jay |
| Anti-Federalists | Fearful of strong central government in the new central government, (Bill of Rights) |
| Anti-Federalist | John Hancock |
| Anti-Federalist | Samuel Adams |
| Anti-Federalist | Partick Henry |
| Anti-Federalist | Thomas Jefferson |
| New Jersey Plan | Based on equal representation from all states. Supported Small states. Proposed by William Paterson. |
| Virginia Plan | Based on population of the states. Supported larger states. Proposed by James Madison & Edmund Randolph. |
| The Great Compromise | Combine the New Jersey & Virginia Plans |
| Non Slave States (North) | Opposed slaves being counted to population. Would give southern states advantage in HOR. |
| Slave States (South) | Favored counting slaves. Would increase influence in HOR. |
| 3/5ths Compromise | Slaves would be counted at a 3/5s rate for taxation and representation purposes. |
| North | Wanted Congress to have the power to regulate trade. |
| South | Opposed Congress to regulating trade. |
| Commerce Compromise | Congress could regulate trade and tax exports, but made no decision regarding slavery for 20 years. |
| Popular Sovereignty | A government in which people create the government and give it it's power. KEY WORD: people |
| Limited Government | Power of the government is limited to prevent them from gaining to much power. Everyone, both citizens and government is under the law. KEY WORD: terms, limits on elected officals. |
| Separation of Powers | Division of power between the three different parts of government so none can hold all the power. |
| Checks & Balances | Each branch of gov controls the other branches to prevent either one form gaining to much power. |
| Federalism | A system in which power is shared between central and state governments. KEY WORD: states |
| Republicanism | People vote for their representatives KEY WORD: voting |
| Individual Rights | The Bill Of Rights and other amendments guarantee personal liberties or privileges keeping the government from gaining to much power. |
| Purpose of the 7 Principles of the Constitution | To give the central give more power, but acts as safeguards to prevent an abuse of power. |
| Deal made to ratify the new constitution | Federalists promised anti-federalists they will push for Bill of Rights to be added ASAP if they help with ratification process of the Constitution. |
| When does the Constitution become official law. | June of 1788 |
| When does Rhode Island ratify the Constitution? | 1790 |
| New Hampshire | 9th state to ratify the constitution -> making it officially law. June 1788 |
Created by:
katihrai
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