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RWD - set 2
Regents word of the day review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| A representative group in France of all 3 Estates. In meetings of the Estates General each Estate only got one vote. | Estates General |
| A document detailing how a specific government operates and the fundamental laws of that country. | Constitution |
| To betray one’s own government or to aid a nation’s enemies. | Treason |
| A political party during the French Revolution led by Maximilien Robespierre - they were responsible for the Reign of Terror. | Jacobins |
| People who favor drastic changes in society to achieve a goal or gain power. | Radicals |
| Members of the Clergy and Nobility who fled France during the revolution. | Emigrés |
| The act of overthrowing a government in favor of another - usually through violent means. | Coup d’etat |
| A vote in which citizens express their opinion - used by Napoleon Bonaparte | Plebiscite |
| To give up one’s power as a political leader. | Abdicate |
| A meeting of European leaders, diplomats and royalty who attempted to create peace and a balance of power in Europe after the French Revolution. | Congress of Vienna |
| A feeling of pride or devotion to one’s country or cultural group. Nationalism can unify or segregate groups of people. | Nationalism |
| The policy by which monarchs that had been removed from power by Napoleon were restored to power after his exile. | Legitimacy |
| A social hierarchy created in South America by the Spanish Government so that colonists could demand labor from Native Americans and their descendents. | Encomienda System |
| A change in farming methods in the 1700s that improved the quality and quantity of farm products. * Also known as the Agrarian Revolution | Agricultural Revolution |
| The movement of people from rural areas to cities. | Urbanization |
| The period in which production of goods shifted from hand production at home to complex machines in factories - began in Great Britain around 1750. | Industrial Revolution |
| The loss of jobs caused by technological change - includes the introduction of more efficient mechanical muscle and mind machines. | Technological Unemployment |
| The belief that the government should NOT interfere with business or the economy - developed by Adam Smith. **Also known as Free Market or Capitalism | Laissez-Faire Economics |
| Materials that exist in nature and can be used for economic gain. Ex.) Water, fertile land, oil, coal | Natural Resource |
| States that the laws of nature apply to society; social progress results from conflicts where the fittest (best) individuals or societies prevail. | Social Darwinism |
| According to Karl Marx this group were the “Have Nots” - members of the working class who were exploited and taken advantage of by the wealthy. | Proletariat |
| Occurs when a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region and controls its economic, political and cultural life. | Imperialism |
| A poem written by Rudyard Kipling that expressed the idea that European imperialists had a moral obligation to educate and civilize the people in the areas they controlled. | White Man’s Burden |
| A British joint stock company that seized control of large parts of India. The BEIC lost its power in India after the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857. | British East India Company (BEIC): |
| An Indian soldier - usually a follower of either Hinduism or Islam. | Sepoy |
| A person who travels and spreads the teachings of their religion. | Missionary |
| A meeting of European leaders in 1884 at which they discussed their plans to divide up and imperialize Africa. No African leaders were invited to this conference. | Berlin Conference |
| A form of imperialism in which an outside power claims exclusive trading or investment rights. Ex.) China | Sphere of Influence |
| The right of foreigners to be protected by the laws of their own country while living in another country. | Extraterritoriality |
| Nuclear Proliferation | The spread of nuclear weapons, nuclear technology, fissionable material and nuclear weapons- making information to the countries that do not possess these. |
| Apartheid | A policy in South Africa that called for segregation and separation of different races. |
| Human Rights | Basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person from birth until death. They apply regardless of where a person is from or what they believe. |
| African National Congress | A group formed by opponents of Apartheid in South Africa - the ANC encouraged nonviolent political activism by Black South Africans. |
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