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Lessons 34-37

World War II

QuestionAnswer
fascism a political movement based on an extreme nationalism in which the state comes first and individual liberty is secondary
Lend-Lease Act legislation passed by Congress in 1941 adopting a plan to lend arms to Britain
militarism the glorification of military power and values
Munich Pact the 1938 agreement in which Britain and France appeased Hitler by agreeing that Germany could annex the Sudetenland, a German-speaking region of Czechoslovakia
Nazism a form of fascism that promoted the belief that Germans and other Nordic peoples were superior to other races
Neutrality Acts legislation passed by Congress in 1935, 1936, 1937, and 1939 designed to keep the United States out of European conflicts, such as the Spanish Civil War
totalitarianism a system in which the government totally controls all aspects of a society, including the economy
Executive Order 9066 an executive order issued by FDR in 1942 allowing internment camps to be set up to exclude current residents believed to be a threat to security
GI a nickname for U.S. soldiers during World War II, derived from the GI ("government issue") label on many of their supplies
internment camp a center for confining people who have been relocated for reasons of national security
Korematsu vs United States the 1944 Supreme Court decision declaring that the government had the right to keep Japanese Americans in internment camps
rationing a system for limiting the distribution of food, gasoline, and other goods so that the military can have the weapons, equipment, and supplies it needs
Tuskegee Airmen a group of Army Air Corps pilots and support crews, established in 1941 as the first Black combat unit
War Production Board the federal agency set up to manage the conversion of industries to military production during World War II
War Refugee Board an agency created in 1944 that arranged for Jewish refugees to stay at centers in Italy and North Africa, as well as in former army camps in the United States
Women’s Army Corps a women's unit of the U.S. Army, established in 1942
Four Freedoms essential freedoms identified by FDR in a 1941 speech and later incorporated into the UN charter: freedom of speech and expression, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear
GI Bill of Rights a law passed in 1944 to provide federal funds to help returning GIs make the transition to civilian life
human rights rights that are regarded as belonging to all people, such as the right to life, liberty, and equality before the law, as well as freedom of religion, expression, and assembly
United Nations an international organization founded in 1945 to further the causes of peace, prosperity, and human rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights a document adopted by the United Nations in 1948 affirming basic human rights, including the right to life, liberty, and equality before the law, as well as freedom of religion, expression, and assembly
World Bank a bank founded in 1944 by the United States and 43 other nations in order to provide loans to help countries recover from World War II and develop their economies
Allies the countries that fought against the Central Powers during World War I and the countries that fought against the Axis Powers during World War II
Axis Powers the alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II
D-Day June 6, 1944, the day that the Allied invasion of German-occupied France began
Holocaust the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of Jews and other minority groups by the Nazis
leapfrogging an American strategy in the Pacific during World War II in which islands heavily defended by the Japanese were bypassed in order to capture nearby islands that were not well defended
Manhattan Project the top-secret U.S. government project that developed the atomic bomb
Created by: abelb1
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