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U.S History Final
1942A U.S. History Final Exam flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reasons why American Colonists settled where they did | The settled along the Sea coast and rivers in the 1600 to carry out trade. |
| Foundations of American Democracy | -The Mayflower Compact -The House of Burgesses - The Albany Plan of Union -New England Town Meetings |
| Why did the Anti-Federalists oppose the ratification of the Constitution in 1787? | The Constitution failed to include a bill of rights |
| Thomas Paine and Common Sense | -Argued that the American colonists should break away from England -Tried to convince the colonists to declare their independence |
| Quote From Declaration of Independence | "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that are among these life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness..." |
| Shay’s Rebellion | -Exposed fundamental weaknesses in government under the Articles of confederation -Helped the federalists argue for the need of a constitution which would create a strong federal government |
| Louisiana Purchase | -Thomas Jefferson demonstrated how he changed his belief that the Constitution should be strictly interpreted - it had great geographic significance for the U.S. because it forced the U.S. on western expansion |
| Missouri Compromise of 1820 | -provided that Missouri was admitted as a slave state. -Main was admitted as a free state -All of the Louisiana territory north of 36°30' to be closed to slavery (Except for Missouri) |
| Compromise of 1850 | -Addressed the addition of new areas to the union (Slave vs. Free areas) |
| Manifest Destiny | -First used as a support of western expansion to the Pacific Ocean -Used in the Mexican-American war to justify the U.S. government's actions. |
| Economic differences of the North and South prior to the Civil War | -Transportation systems were much more developed in the North. - The South was more agriculture-based, while the North was more industrial based. |
| Lincoln’s goal in the Civil War | Preserve the Union |
| Seneca Falls Convention | often seen as the beginning of the Women's Rights Movement |
| Reconstruction Period | -Period after the Civil War where former slaves became citizens -Period where the union was "reconstructed" or " brought back together" -Time where the country rebuilt itself after the war |
| President Andrew Johnson and the Reconstruction Period | - After the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson was in charge of the reconstruction -Serious differences emerged between Johnson and Congress -President Johnson was impeached as a result of differences |
| Result of the Civil War | Power if the Central government was strengthened. |
| Black Codes | Following the Civil war, many Southern states enacted the " Black Codes" to restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons |
| Native Americans | -After the Civil war, the native American country was taken away as well as their means of support -Western expansion broke up their mode of living, habits of life, and introduce new diseases among them |
| Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 | -An example of actions that reflected widespread nativist sentiment -Natism = policy of favoring native inhabitants as opposed to immigrants. |
| Indian Wars between 1860-1890 | a protracted series of conflicts between Native American Indians and white settlers over land and natural resources in the West. |
| Homestead Act of 1862 | -Provided free land to settlers -Contributed to the development of the Great Plains |
| Transcontinental Railroad | -Contributed to the development of the Great Plains |
| Development of the Great Plains | Spanish colonists from Mexico had begun occupying the southern plains in the 16th century and had brought with them horses and cattle |
| Three-fifths Compromise | - Related to Slavery -Each slave would count as "three- fifths' of a person in respect to representation. |
| Reconstruction goals after the Civil War | Heal wartime bitterness by quickly bringing the South back into the Union. |
| Economic impact of the Civil War | -The South was left embittered and devastated by the war -The South's factories, farms, railroads, and major cities were destroyed and lay in ruins -The South remained an agriculture-based society and the poorest section of the nation for decades |
| Tenements | First built in the 19th century to house the poor as cheaply as possible |
| Women's’ Suffrage Movement | -Resulted in the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920 -led by Elizabeth Cady and Susan B. Anthony before and after the Civil War -Developed a Declaration of Woman's rights as the S. F. Convention in N.Y. -another reform movement during the Jacksonian |
| Battleship Maine | Because of its sinking off the coast of Cuba, The United Stated became eager and willing to go to war against spain. |
| Why was the North worried about Great Britain during the Civil War? | The North feared that great Britain might become an Ally of the Confederacy |
| Impressments | Practice by which men were forced to serve as British Sailors. |
| Trail of Tears | -Forced the expulsion of native Americans from the Eastern part of the United States. |
| Why did the South secede from the Union? | First States seceded from union after President Lincoln was elected |
| Emancipation Proclamation | -Declared that slaves in rebelling Southern states were free -Made the destruction of slavery a Northern war aim. -discouraged any interference from foreign governments |
| Why could Lincoln not carry out his plan of Reconstruction? | He was assassinated a few days after Lee's surrender |
| Muckrakers | -Writer who exposes social conditions in need of reform -ex. Child Labor, tenement housing, factory working conditions |
| Who had great job opportunities during WWI when they did not before the war? | -African Americans -Women |
| Treaty of Versailles | -France and Britain insisted on Punishing Germany for the war -a league of nations was created to prevent future wars and aggression -national boundaries were redrawn, creating many new nations |
| Rapid Growth of Cities | - Caused need for public services, such as water and sewage -Caused shortage of housing facilities -Caused the rise of slums and tenement houses |
| Why did US enter WWI? | -To make the world safe for democracy -To protect American lives and shipping -To uphold international law |
| League of Nations | Was objected by Americans because United States foreign policy decisions would be made by an international organization. |
| Progressivism | -Sought to use the government or create a just society -Response to industrialism and its social by product -Differed from populism in that it was more urban and enlisted more journalists, academics, and social theorists |
| Americans reaction to WWI | They wanted insurance that the U.S would not stay out of the conflict. |
| Lusitania sinking | -Sank by German U-boat, killing 1,195 individuals including 123 Americans -Led to the U.S. declaring war on Germany |
| Zimmermann Telegram | proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico to conquer the United States |
| Declaration of Independence | -A social contract meant to guarantee individual rights. -States that in a democracy, power comes from the people. |
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