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ADV US HISTORY
Civil War Causes and Reconstruction Unit Test 11/17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| start of civil war (year) | 1861 |
| end of civil war | April 9 1865 |
| 3/5 compromise main point | 3 out of every 5 slaves count when calculating population and taxation |
| what did virginia and kentucky resolutions introduce | idea of nullification in response to alien and sedation acts |
| nullify | to reject or cancel |
| what did South Carolina do in response to nullification | centered around tariff bill threatened to seceed |
| manifest destiny belief | belief that american was destined by God to expand boundaries over a vast area |
| what did white americans justify with manifest destiny | issues in Texas and Oregon native american removal mexican american war |
| what did mexican american war begin over | disagreement regarding the expansion into New Mexico |
| what treaty ended mexican american war | treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| what did the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo do | american got: Texas, California territoy, New mexico territory Mexico got: 15 million USA paid for war debts |
| missouri compromise main point | 36/30 line established line as the new border between free and slave states |
| in order for missouri to be added and a slave state what state needed to be added | maine |
| what state was added so Texas could be a slave state | iowa |
| why was admitting california a problem | california wanted to be a free state but it was below the 36/30 line |
| compromise of 1850 key figures | henry clay stephan a douglas |
| compromise of 1850 main points | admittance of california as a free state slave trade is forbidden in DC stronger fugitive slave laws utah and mexico are decided by popular sovereignty |
| popular sovereignty def | government based on consent of people |
| Kansas Nebraska act main points | decide issues of slavery in these state by territorial legislature negated Missouri Compromise |
| bleeding kansas | battle over slavery first mention of John Brown |
| when did the republican party start and its focus | during bleeding kansas anti slavery |
| dred scott case decision | african americans don't have a right to sue because they are not a citizen |
| significance on dred scott case | south supports and uses this to justify slavery north was outraded and start to rebel against slavery |
| who led harper's ferry raid | john brown |
| harper's ferry raid purpose | start a slave rebellion for freedom |
| election of 1860 canidates, their party, their stance on slavery | abraham lincoln |republican |anti expansion stephen a douglas |north democrat |popular sovereignty john c breckinridge|south democrat| pro slavery john bell|constitutional union|refused to mention slavery |
| how did south view election of Lincoln | feared that slavery would be abolished |
| secession def | with withdraw from the union |
| what states seceeded | mississippi florida alabama georgia louisiana texas south carolina |
| why did the south think they had the right to suceed | constitution is a contract but it became void because the north did not follow fugitive slave laws, therefore states had the right to suceed |
| crittenden compromise main point | proposed reestablishing the missouri compromise (36/30 line) and extending it west to the pacific |
| why did lincoln reject the crittenden compromise | he was against expanding slavery |
| what did the south call themselves after they left | confederate states of america |
| what is the confederate states of american built on *short answer* | white supremacy |
| what are the truths that the confederacy believe *short answer* | its a scientific truth and natural condition that an african american man is under a white man social darwinism |
| main general of the union | Ulysses Grant |
| main general of the south | Robert E Lee |
| union strategy in civil war | anaconda plan |
| anaconda plan main points | navy would blockade southern ports armies would move down mississippi river and divide the south capture the capital, richmond virginia |
| confederate strategy in civil war | no real strategies |
| Fort Sumter significance | it begins the civil war |
| original purpose why union declared war | in order to reunify with the confederacy |
| bull run significance | convinced union that victory wouldn't be easy |
| shiloh significance | union gains control on Tennessee river and skilled confederate general lost |
| Antietam significance | bloodiest battle, dipomatic turning point because lincoln issues the emancipation proclamation |
| battle at fort wagner significance | first black regiment to fight |
| vicksburg significance | union now controls section of the mississippi river, first anaconda plan step completed |
| gettysburg significance | gettysburg address, military turning point |
| gettyburg address main points | rededicate what american was founded on |
| march to the sea significance | split south in half |
| total war def | a war that unrestricted in terms of weapons used and the laws of war are disregarded |
| appomattox significance | lee surrenders and the war is over |
| political effects of civil war *short answer* | established that federal governments held supreme authority one unified nation federal governments power increases and states power decreases 13th amendment (abolish slavery) |
| economic effects of civil war *short answer* | northern economy flourished due to selling on war supplies and commercial agriculture south economy was devastated due to loss of cheap labor machinery and railroads destroyed and 40 percent of agriculture |
| social effects of civil war *short answer* | end of slavery and 4 mill newly freed slaves change in gender roles legal framework created for equality sectional and racial issues do not fade |
| 13th amendment | abolish slavery in the united states |
| what did lincoln want to do to the south after civil war | wanted to forgive |
| what did radical republicans want to do with the south after civil war | wanted to punish |
| lincoln's main ideas for reconstruction | goal:forgive confederacy offer general amnesty to south 10% of states voters must pleadge loyalty in order to be readmitted into union abolish slavery voting rights for african americans military governers until requirements met |
| radical republican's main ideas for reconstruction | goal:punish confederacy wade davis bill voting rights for african americans |
| how did lincoln kill the wade davis bill | pocket veto |
| wade davis bill | provisional governor majority of white males pledge allegiance only those who never fought union could be in constitutional convention abolish slavery |
| who became president after lincoln | Andrew Johnson |
| johnson's main ideas for reconstruction | goal: restoration offered amnesty to southerners who pledged allegiance provisional governor repealed ordinance of secession abolish slavery ratify 13th amendment states pay war debts |
| black codes | laws meant to oppress african americans |
| 14 amendment | african americans are citizens and should be protected as such |
| 15th amendment | african MEN can vote |
| command of the army act main point | president no longer has full control on army |
| why was command of the army act not constitutional | goes against the Commander in Chief |
| tenure of office act main point | forbids president from removing officials without consent of senate |
| how did johnson violate tenure of office act | fired Secretary of War |
| impeachment def | to accuse |
| what congress successful in attempt to impeach johnson | yes |
| scalawags | southerners who sided with republicans |
| carpetbaggers | northerners who go down south for political power |
| freedmen | freed slaves |
| tenant farming | renting land from white landowner |
| sharecropping | sharing percentage of crops with a white landowner |
| what impact did tenant farming and sharecropping have | created more debt for african americans still seen as freedom |
| who won presidential election of 1868 and 1872 | grant |
| why did grant win election | african american republican voters |
| grantism def | corruption |
| who founded KKK | nathan bedford forest |
| purpose of KKK | intimidate african americans to not vote |
| how did federal government response to KKK | KKK act of 1870 |
| compromise of 1877 main points | southerner must be in cabinet internal improvements in south remove of federal troops from south |
| what compromise ended reconstruction era | compromise of 1877 |
| what party would the south vote primarily for after reconstruction | democrat |
| Booker T Washington main point | african americans should focus on education before politics |
| jim crow laws | segregation laws |
| what did ruling in plessy v ferguson legalize | segragation |
| how did whites keep african americans from voting | poll tax literacy taxes grandfather clause |
| grandfather clause | you cant vote if your grandfather couldn't vote |
| how was violence used to oppress african americans | intimidation lynching |
| where did lincoln free the slaves in the emancipation proclamation | within any state or designated part of a state where people were in rebellion against the United states |
| why did lincoln free the slaves in only a certain area in emancipation proclamation | necessary war measure to suppress the rebellion |
| purpose of emancipation proclamation | to declare the freedom of slaves in rebellious states as a war measure start abolition in US proves that the confederacy was losing |
Created by:
stella_koe
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