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First Semester Exam
First semester exam social studies
| Jamestown | The Virginia Company, and the first successful colony. Starts declining in 1609 due to "Starving Time" |
| Salem Witch Trials | Different people were accused of witchcraft, and threatened of death unless they confessed. |
| Theocracy | A government ruled by religious leaders |
| Mercantilism | The philosophy that the colonies made to make the country money. |
| Joint Stock Company (JSC) | People invest in various companies hoping that it will do well. Franchises are good examples. |
| Roanoke | First attempted colony. John Winthrope left to gather more supplies and "quickly" return. Winthrope was held off for three years due to a storm. He came back and Roanoke was completely abandoned. |
| House of Burgess (burgers om nom nom) | Representatives -> Governor -> King. Used as a sort of court to make laws and settle disagreements. |
| Armada | An invasion using the Naval Army, or a fleet of warships. |
| Colonization | The act and process of taking over a plot of land and making your own colony in a less powerful area. |
| Virginia Company | Jamestown. Receives a charter to start a colony (Jamestown) along the James River. |
| John Smith | Uses Jamestown and the Native Americans to gain resources and trade, yet leads raids against them. |
| John Rolfe | Built trust and worked together with the Native Americans by marrying Pocahontas. |
| Pochohantus | Was used to make peace with colonizers by marrying John Rolfe. |
| Puritans | Known for hypocritacy. Strict observers of the bible and starters of the Salem Witch Trials |
| Pilgrims | Sepratists. Were taught how to farm and settled in by Native Americans |
| John Winthrope | He led the first attempted colony. He left for more supplies, but was held off for three years, and when he came back, Roanoke was completely abandoned. |
| Starving Time | In 1609, after John Winthrope left, the colonizers didn't know how to supply themselves with food, so they went through a period of famine. |
| William Bradford | Governor of the pilgrims in the Plymouth colony. Governor for 30 years |
| Anne Hutchinson | The first woman to speak up against and question the Puritan teachings. Created long lasting impacts. Established Rhode Island |
| Roger Williams | Followed behind Anne Hutchinson |
| Mayflower | The Ship of which the pilgrims rode into Massechuttes Bay |
| Mayflower Compact | Contracts and Charters made after establishing the new colony. |
| Plymouth | The colony off the tail of Massechuttes. Home to pilgrims |
| Massechuttes Bay Colony | Colony established by the Puritans |
| Peter Stuyvessant | Dutch Leader who helped expand the colony of current New York |
| Patroon | A person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherlands in exchange for a land grant |
| William Penn | Quaker that started Pennsilvania |
| Patroon System | The back and forth of patroons bringing in new citizens |
| James Oglethorpe | Helped start Georgia colony to protect English debtors |
| James | Duke of York, brother of King Charles, and colonizer of New York. |
| Powhatan | Father of Pocohantas |
| Slave Codes | Slaves could not own weapons, gather in groups, go out after dark, leave the plantation without a note, learn to read or write, or be murdered |
| Great Awakening | 1730-40s Emotional Christian movement that swept through the colonies because people stopped practicing their faith as they once did. |
| Denomination | A group of people who practice religion in a certain way |
| Tent Meeting/Revival | Gatherings of different denominations to practice religion |
| "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" | Intense sermon given by Johnathan Edwards |
| Parliment | The British Government |
| Navigation Acts | Acts passed to control trade. Ships required to go through England before they finished their delivery so that they could take the good resources out of it. All ships had to be English ships |
| Cash Crop | Crops that can be easily sold for good money |
| George Whitefield | Preacher influenced by Johnathan Edwards |
| Johnathan Edwards | Gave the sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" |
| Benjamin Franklin | Wrote "Pennsilvania Gazzette" newspaper, and wrote "Poor Richards Almanack" (cartoons, savings, information) |
| John Locke | Philosopher who believed in natural rights (life, liberty, and property) |
| Baron De Montesquieu | French philosopher who enforced the three branches of government (judicial, legislative, and executive). |
| William Pitt | The new Prime Minister of England |
| Militia | A force made up of civilians, but not military. |
| Fort Duquesne | Fort Built by the French |
| Fort Necessity | After Washington was too late to Allegheny River, he built this fort, then quickly after, fired the first shot at the French |
| James Wolfe | English commander of the British army during the French & Indian War. Was killed during the Battle of Quebec. |
| Pontiac | Native American tribe in the Ohio River Valley. |
| Treaty of Paris (1763) | Ended the French and Indian War |
| Proclimation Line (1763) | The line over the Ohio River Valley which could not be traded or settled over |
| Boston Massacre | The event where British soldiers fired into a crowd of Colonists and killed them. |
| Repeal | Take something away |
| Pennsilvania Gazzette | Newspaper started an written by Benjamin Franklin. Used to spread ideas and new information |
| Thomas Paine | Wrote "Common Sense" |
| Fort Louden | Fort built in French and Indian war in what would become tennessee. Built by the English |
| Quartering Act | The act that forced colonists to host British soldiers in their homes |
| Albany Plan of Union | |
| Loyalist | Someone who supported the British |
| Boston Tea Party | |
| Sons and Daughters of Liberty | |
| "Common Sense" | Written by Thomas Paine |
| Continental Congress | |
| George Washington | Was too late to Allegheny River, he built Fort Neccesity, then quickly after, fired the first shot at the French. First President |
| King George III | |
| John Hancock | |
| Ohio River Valley | |
| Tea Act | |
| Writs of Assistance | |
| Navigation Acts | |
| Olive Branch Petition | |
| Battle of Quebec | |
| Minutemen | |
| Shout Heard Round the World | |
| Patrick Henry | |
| John Peter Zenger | Made freedom of speech |
| Lexington + Concord | |
| Declatory Act | |
| Intolerable Act | |
| Townshead Act | |
| Articles of Confederation | |
| Shay's Rebellion | |
| Separation of Powers | |
| Checks & Balances | |
| Federalism | |
| Federalists | |
| Federalist Papers | |
| Anti-Federalists / Republicans | |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | |
| Great Compromise | |
| 3/5 Compromise | |
| Lost State of Franklin | |
| Bicameral | |
| Constitutional Convention | |
| House of Represenatives | |
| Senate | |
| 3 Branches | |
| Legislative Branch | |
| Judicial Branch | |
| Executive Branch |
Created by:
MaddieStivers
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