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US History I Chpt. 4
Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What did the First Continental Congress believe? | Believed Parliament had no right to legislate for the colonies |
| What did General Gage do in April of 1775? | Gage sent troops to seize minutemen supplies at Concord & arrest Hancock & Adams |
| Who alerted the countryside about the minutemen? | Revere, Dawes, & prescott |
| What places did Massachusetts capture? | Fort Ticonderoga, Crown Point, & Lake Champlain |
| Who went against each other in this revolution? | Minutemen vs. British |
| What happened in the Battle of Bunker Hill? | Minutemen fortify Breed's Hill overlooking Boston |
| Who was the US Navy crated under? | Esek Hopkins |
| Who did Britain hire in January of 1776? | Hired hessian mercenaries |
| Who wrote Common Sense? | Thomas Paine |
| What were the two reason the colonies were ready to push for independence? | Common sense and the British hiring the Hessian mercenaries |
| Why did they organize the "Continental Association?" | to boycott British goods and to stop all exports to the empire |
| What were minutemen? | Minutemen were members of the organized New England colonial militia companies |
| What are mercenaries? | hired professional soldier who fights for any state or nation without regard to political interests or issues |
| What dd Common Sense do? | - Called for complete independence - Attacked idea of monarchy |
| What did Richard Henry Lee introduce? | resolution stating colonies are free & independent |
| Who was part of the committee to write a formal declaration? | Ben Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, & Thomas Jefferson |
| Why did John Hancock sign the Declaration of Independence first? | President of the Second Continental Congress and was his job to sign first |
| What were the four parts of the Declaration of Independence and what did they do? | 1. Preamble 2. Theory of government / natural rights of man 3. List of grievances 4. Actual declaration |
| What were some American advantages? | - On their ground - Fighting for a cause - Better leadership (George Washington) - Knew how to lead - Good at communicating - Foreign help - More mobile - Guerrilla tactics |
| What were some American disadvantages? | - Smaller Army - Shortage of supplies - No Navy - Bad Economy - Lack of Training |
| What were some British advantages? | - Largest army - Well equipped - Strong Navy - A lot of money - Strong government - Had more experience |
| What were some British disadvantages? | - No knowledge of the land - Troops had less to fight for - Hessian: fighting for money - Distance - Had other enemies - Have to take down ALL 13 colonies |
| What did John Adams estimate loyalists, patriots, and flexible? | 1/3 each |
| What did historians estimate loyalists, patriots, and flexible? | 2/5 patriots, 1/5 loyalists, 2/5 flexible |
| What place was fortified by Washington? | Dorchester Heights |
| What happened in the battle of Long Island? | Howe defeated Washington’s Army but Howe hesitated and Washington escaped |
| What did the British plan to do in 1777? | planned to take New York and cut New England off |
| What were the British willing to give into? | they were willing to give into all colonial demands of 1775 |
| What happened to Washington and his soldiers at Valley Forge? | - Supply system collapsed - Soldiers suffered from hunger and cold - Continental army just melted away during winter - Those who remained became a seasoned professional army |
| Why did the British move the war to the south? | - more loyalists in the south - more help from slaves - use navy on rivers |
| Who did Congress put in charge of the southern army? Who did Washington actually want in charge? | 1) Horatio Gates 2) General Nathanael Greene |
| Who is Clinton? | Commander in Chief of British soldiers in America |
| Who did Washington work with to bottle up Cornwallis in Yorktown? | Comte de Rochambeau & Admiral Francois de Grasse |
| What did Washington trick Clinton into? | Washington tricked Clinton into thinking he was attacking New York then he headed south and reached Yorktown in September |
| When does the war officially end? | 1783 |
| What war did Washington win to boost the morale of the Americans? | Trenton, New Jersey |
| When was the battle of Saratoga? | 1777 |
| When did Philly lose to Howe? | September of 1777 |
| When does the war move south? | 1778 |
| When did Clinton attack Charleston? | 1780 |
| What did the British give up? | They gave up trying to suppress American rebellion |
| What year did national debt double? | 1775 |
| What did the Continental Congress send? | They sent a peace commission to negotiate |
| When was the preliminary treaty signed? | November of 1782 |
| What dd we get as a result from the Treaty of Paris? | - independence - borders - US could fish in Grand Banks - British would withdraw troops from US |
| What did the US agree to in the Treaty of Paris? | - Congress would recommend states to repay loyalists for seized property - also agreed to not get in the way of collection of debts owed to British merchants |
| Explain the main ideas of an Unitary System: | - The most power is the central government -Ex: 17th century British - Ex: Russia today - Under that is local political units - Very weak |
| Explain the main ideas of a Confederation System: | - We create confederation system to get as far away from a Unitary System - Tried to make this work after the revolution - Control government - Weak - Most political power is underneath -Ex: UAE & Switzerland |
| Explain the main ideas of a Federalism System: | - Different levels of government share power - Ex: United States |
| What did the large states object to when forming a national government? | Objected to equal representation in Congress |
| What did states with western land claims refuse to do? | Refused to cede them to the national government |
| Name some things that the Articles of Confederation weren't allowed to do: | - one vote in congress - Congress had no power to tax - no way to enforce the powers they did have - no executive or a court system on a national level |
| Who paid for the war? | Congress and states |
| What did they do to pay for debts from war? | spent hard money, borrowed, and spent printed paper currency |
| What was ended in the social reform? | - primogeniture, entail, and quitrents |
| what is primogeniture? | - first born child gets possessions of the family |
| What is entail? | - property that is passed through generations |
| Who first abolished slavery? | Pennsylvania |
| What does emancipation mean? | the freeing of slaves |
| What did all of the states ban? | banned importation of slaves from abroad |
| What effects did the Revolution have on women? | - legal rights increased - influence of women increased - female education: women needed to train next generation of citizens |
| Ordinance to create states in western land: | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
| Battle that was the turning point in the war: | Saratoga |
| Frenchman who joined the Continental Army | Lafayette |
| Heirs cannot sell estate: | entail |
| British general at Saratoga | Burgoyne |
| Oldest inherits the entire estate | Primogeniture |
| Traitor who joined the British | Benedict Arnold |
| General of the Continental Army | Washington |
| British general who surrendered at Yorktown | Cornwallis |
| Last major battle of the war | Yorktown |
| who negotiated the Treaty of Paris | John Jay |
| Who was the fighting quaker? | Nathanael Greene |
| Who wrote the American dictionary? | Webster |
| Who said "Life and everything valuable"? | John Marshall |
| When did the US use United states as a plural noun? | 1783 |
| What were the townships divided into? | into 36 sections of 1 square mile (640 acres) |
| What was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? | when area was bound by the Mississippi River, Ohio River and the Great lakes to be made into 3 to 5 states |
| What did the Congress appoint for the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? | - territorial governor - secretary - 3 judges |
| When could adult males cote for legislature? | When reached 5,000 adult males with 50 acres of land |
| When could people draft the constitution to apply for statehood? | When the population reached to 60,000 |
| What form of government did the governments have to be? | republican |
| Who was a popular painter due to his works for Washington? | Gilbert Stuart |
Created by:
gabriella_peralta26
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