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Apicomplexa/Sporozoa
Microbiology 1 - Apicomplexz/Sporozoa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Apicomplexa/Sporozoa motility | immobile as adults |
| apicomplexa/sporozoa nutrition | parasitic |
| apicomplexa/sporozoa reproduction | 1- binary fission & 2- sexual |
| species of apicomplexa/sporozoa | malaria, toxoplasmosis, babesiosis, cryptosporidium, cyclospora cayentanensis |
| malaria | bad air |
| malaria discovered by | Ross - Nobel Prize in 1902 |
| malaria parasite requires | human & mosquito host |
| in salivary glands of infected mosquito | sporozoites & enter human blood to liver |
| at liver sporozoites become | merozoites |
| after 10 days migrate to blood & attack RBCs & become | trophozoites |
| trophozoites reproduce | asexually - producing more merozoites |
| merozoites released into | blood by rupture of RBCs & some merozoites enter sexual reproductive phase & become gametocytes (male & female sex cells) |
| mosquito takes blood meal | takes gametocytes |
| most gametocytes mature & unite to form | zygotes in lining of mosquito's stomach |
| zygotes pass through stomach wall | produce sporozoites - make way to salivary glands |
| malaria is | one of most severe parasitic diseases & world's greatest public health problems |
| malaria is endemic in | tropical areas, millions of deaths |
| Sickle-cell anemia gene | protects people from Malaria |
| Malaria Sx: | high fever, chills b/c of rupture of RBCs in 48-72 hours |
| 1 of 4 species of malarial parasites | P. Falciparum |
| P. Falciparum causes | most severe disease - agglutinates RBCs & obstructs blood vessels, causing ischemia |
| P. Falciparum also causes | Black Water Fever |
| Black Water Fever | rapidly fatal disease, RBCs lysed=hemoglobin released & broken down, cause jaundice & kidney damage, pigments from Hb blacken the urine |
| P. Falciparum Rx: | Quinine (a cinchona bark product) |