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USH 10/20 quiz prep
review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the Great Compromise? | In the House of Representatives each state would be assigned a number of seats in proportion to its population. Senate- each state got 2 reps. |
| Founding fathers | George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison |
| What are some things Washington contributed as president? | He helped add the bill of rights, Established the cabinet of important advisors, Two term presidency, Stayed neutral during French and GB conflict, Helped establish the national bank signed off on it (20 year approval) |
| Three-fifths compromise | The slave population would be counted as 3/5's of a person for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives. |
| What came out of the constitutional convention? | Articles of confederation weren't working, they made checks and balances (with the idea of 3 branches, electoral college not based off popular vote, stronger central government |
| What was the economic crisis that faced the new nation after the revolutionary war? | Farmers were affected by the recession, many states were left in debt after the revolutionary war. |
| Federalists | Wanted a strong federal government. Bill of rights was not necessary, Government power was limited by Constitution, Loose interpretation of the constitution when it favored the federal government. |
| What was shay's rebellion and how was it handled? | Erupted in Mass in 1786; began when the government of Mass decided to raise taxes instead of issuing paper money to pay off it's debts |
| Articles of Confederation | First attempt at a government, established boundaries between the US and surrounding (Canada+Spain), basic framework of a national government of the US |
| Presidency Compromise | President has to be directly elected by the electoral college rather than popular vote, agreement that there was a 4 year term |
| How many amendments are there to the constitution? | 27 amendments that protected the rights of the people |
| How were the number of representatives counted? | Population |
| Why was the Northwest Ordinance good? | Protected civil liberties and outlawed slavery in the new territories. |
| Total in the house of representatives today | 435 |
| Strengths of articles of confederation | All states would have to agree on legislation, 13/13 vote for amendments, (weren't many strengths which is why they got rid of it) , guideline on how to add new states. |
| Northwest Ordinance | Added new territory to the union, non slave states |
| Anti-Federalists | Wanted a gov that was a STRICT interpretation of the constitution, power to the states does not want to threaten the rights of the states/people (Jefferson, Madison, Aaron Burr) worried about a gov that was too strong added bill of rights |
| Bicameral legislature | Congress has two houses: the House of Representative and the Senate. We have the two houses of Congress due to a compromise made by the Founding Fathers during the Constitutional Convention. |
| What is the significance of the Marbury vs. Madison case? | Judicial Review-the federal courts had the power to overturn an act of Congress on the ground that it violated the U.S. Constitution |
| Weaknesses of the articles of confederation | Each state had their own currency, no national court, no way to enforce laws, states had all the power, no strong central government, no way to tax, no army, no leader for first 13 states |
| Federalists | Loose interpretation of the constitution, wanted a STRONG FEDERAL government, Bill of Rights wasn't necessary, (Washington, Hamilton, John Adams) |
| Who created the cabinet of advisors and why? | George Washington- he created it because he was a general and didn't know much about politics (needed help with foreign policy, finances, etc.) |
| What is the Bill of Rights? | First 10 amendments proposed in 1789. Guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual. |
| What is the whiskey rebellion? | Hamilton urged congress to impose tax on whiskey, it enraged western farmers. Washington sent 15,000 troops to stop the rebellion. The farmers dispersed and the rebellion was over. |
| Checks and balances? | Limiting the power of each branch, no branch has too much power, each branch has the ability to nullify or veto the other, |
| What were the first political powers and what were their positions on government? | Federalists and Anti federalists |
| Total in the Senate today | 100 |
| Tariff of 1789 | First major piece of legislation passed in the US after the ratification of the US Constitution, protect local industries from foreign trade- tax goods coming in from other countries |
| 3 branches of government | Legislative Branch (makes laws), Executive Branch(enforce laws), Judicial Branch('judge' laws- makes sure they are constitutional) |
| What was Washington's Farewell Address and why didn't he run for a third term? | Set precedent for two term presidencies, told people to stay neutral, beware of political parties, He was worried about sectionalism (north vs. south), |
| What is the constitutional convention? | Gathering for the purpose of writing a new constitution or revising an existing constitution. |
| What was the commerce compromise? | Granted congress the power to regulate foreign and interstate tax |
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