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Road to Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mercantilism | Colonies have to make money for the mother country (Great Britain) |
| Navigation Acts | 1651, 1660 Acts of Parliament intended to prompt the self-sufficiency of the British Empire by restricting colonial trade to England and decreasing dependence on foreign importanted goods |
| Triangle Trade | -The triangular trade was the three-legged route that made up the Atlantic slave trade -Traded sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe -Traded textiles, rum, and manufactured goods to Africa -Traded slaves to America |
| Middle Passage | The Middle Passage itself lasted roughly 80 days on ships ranging from small schooners to massive, purpose-built "slave ships. |
| Salutary Neglect/Rigor | The British didn’t enforce the rules on the colonists as long as the colonists weren’t protesting or becoming violent. But Salutary Neglect is when the British would enforce the rules, and this made the colonists angry |
| Albany Congress | Although never carried out, the Albany Plan was the first important proposal to conceive of the colonies as a collective whole united under one government |
| French and Indian War | Started because of the disputes between the French and the British. The French were trading with Native Americans and they became allies in the War. The British also gained Native American allies and the two countries battled against each other. |
| Fort Duquesne | Was important during the French and Indian War, both in controlling the Ohio territories Built by the French in 1754 at the heart of the Ohio river Was an important landmark during the war |
| Battle of Quebec | The Battle of Quebec occurred as part of a failed American attempt to invade Canada and rally French-Canadian support for the Patriot movement against the British Indirectly led to the revolution |
| James Wolfe | -General James Wolfe was Britain's most celebrated military hero of the 18th century -His victory over the French at Quebec in 1759 resulted in the unification of Canada and the American colonies under the British crown. |
| Treaty of Paris, 1763 | The treaty ends the war between Britain and France, and France loses everything. |
| Pontiac’s War | A series of uprisings against British forts throughout the territory of present states Ohio, western Pennsylvania, Michigan, Indiana, eastern Illinois, and parts of Wisconsin lasted from late spring 1763 to early 1765. |
| British Debt | The British got into debt because of wars, and they needed to collect taxes from the colonists. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Was a line that prohibited Anglo-American colonists from settling on lands acquired from the French following the French and Indian War |
| Stamp Act | The 1765-British government requires that all colonists buy a special stamp to put on just about all products, documents, and legal papers. |
| Resolution of stamp act | Huge protests begin in all colonies Only the colony has the right to tax it’s people Some called the protests treason. Patrick Henry said, “If this be treason, make the most of it” |
| Stamp Act Congress | -Oct 7, 1765 – Oct 25, 1765 -A meeting of delegates from nine American colonies who met to discuss the rights of the colonists regarding British taxation such as the Stamp Act |
| Boycott | -Boycotting products from a company, country, or area -Boycotting could be due to people not having rights, the products go against the world environmentally, or the company has done something that is unfair to the public |
| Sons of Liberty | -Was a well-organized Patriot paramilitary political organization -Paul Revere, John Adams, and Samuel Adams |
| Samuel Adams | He was best known for his ability to harness popular resentment against Parliament’s authority to tax the colonies in a productive manner |
| Quartering Act | The Quartering Act-1765-To save money, the British began requiring that colonists house and feed the 100,000 British soldiers in the colonies. |
| Writs of Assistance | WRITS OF ASSISTANCE are court orders that allowed officials to make searches without saying for what they were searching. |
| Townshend Act | Under the Townshend Acts, the British would only tax products brought into the colonies, not products nor activities within the colonies. |
| Boston Massacre | -Happened on March 5, 1770 -Was a street fight between a “patriot” mob, throwing snowballs, stones, and sticks, and a squad of British soldiers -Several colonists were killed and this led to several trials |
| Boston Massacre Trial | On December 5 six of the soldiers were found guilty, not of murder, but of the lesser charge of manslaughter |
| Propaganda | the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person |
| John Adams | -The second president of the United States -Served as the first Vice President under George Washington -President (1797-1801) -Sent three commissioners to France, but France refused to negotiate |
| Thomas Gage | -British governor of MA -Sends 700 troops to capture John Hancock and Samuel Adams and destroy the weapons |
| Tea Act | The Townshend duties had been repealed except for the one on tea. The colonists continued to have to pay tax on each cup they drank, without representation. |
| Monopoly | Total control of an industry by one company(East India Tea Company) |
| Boston Tea Party | The Sons of Liberty blockers tea from being unloaded in many harbors. On December 16, 1773, a group of men disguised as Native Americans boarded the ships and threw 342 cases of teas into the Boston Harbor $1.7 million |
| Committees of Correspondence | Sam Adams was part of the founding of the first Committee of Correspondence which was designed to keep other colonies “informed” of what the British were doing. |
| First Continental Congress | In the fall of 1774, 12 colonies (all except Georgia) sent representatives to Philadelphia to attend it. From MA went John and Sam Adams, George Washington. They demanded a repeal of the Intolerable Acts and agreed to meet again in May of 1775. |
| Militia | A military force that the public uses to rebel. Is a small army that is used for emergencies. |
| Minuteman | Rebel colonists that had loaded weapons on hand and were summoned in the middle of the night if needed. |
| Paul Revere | -He is most famous for alerting Colonial militia of British invasion before the battles of Lexington and Conquered -After being arrested by british patrol, Revere was held for a while but then released |
| Battle of Lexington and Concord part 1 | 77 men and boys gather at Lexington Green to prevent the British from marching to Concord. Parker said, “Do not fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here” The first shot was fired, British start firing |
| Battle of Lexington and Concord part 2 | - The Old North Bridge. The British continue marching towards Concord. 400 minutemen surround the British.”The colonists pursue the British all the way to Boston and then they encircle the city. The soldiers can’t break out of the city. |
| Explain how mercantilism was related to the slave Trade | The colonists needed more slaves in order to make money for Great Britain. Slaves are cheap so there isn’t a lot of expense in labor. |
| Explain British use of Salutary Neglect and Rigor in their relationship with the colonies | This led to the Revolution. The colonists were mad that the British started to enforce the rules when the colonists refused or weren’t able to pay taxes. |
| What was one of the outcomes of the French and Indian War? | -The British were in debt from the war -Kept soldiers there for protection -Many new taxes for the colonists |
| Why did Britain need the colonies to pay taxes? (Hint there are 2 answers!) | -Britain needed the colonies to pay taxes because they were in debt because of paying for their wars. -Because the colonists were also still British citizens they too were obligated to pay taxes just like the citizens in Great Britain. |
| Why did the colonists object? | -The taxes that were put on the colonies were a big reason that they objected -Many taxes were just created to control them -“Taxation without representation” -They wanted independence |
| What did the Stamp Act Congress do? | Passed on March 22, 1765, the Stamp Act taxed all paper used for legal or commercial purposes |
| What were some of the causes of the Boston Massacre? | -Colonists were angry over the Townshend Acts - The occupation of Boston by Redcoats |
| What were the four things that the Intolerable Acts did? | -Closed the port of Boston -Increased the Royal Governor's power -Decreased power of town meetings, and got rid of the --Massachusetts legislature -Strengthened the Quartering Act |
| What did the First Continental Congress accomplish? | The primary accomplishment of the First Continental Congress was a compact among the colonies to boycott British goods beginning on December 1, 1774 |
| How do you define the Writs of Assistance? | The Writs of Assistance allow the British soldiers to search someone's home without telling the owner why, or presenting a permit. |
| How do you define Monopoly? | Total control of an industry by one company(East India Tea Company) |
| Why did Great Britain need the colonies to pay taxes? | Great Britain needed the colonies to pay taxes because they needed money to pay off the debt of the war and the colonies were still British citizens. |
| King Philips War/ The Great Narragansett War : | King Philip's War: July 4, 1675- August 12, 1676 Started because of the execution of three of Chief Metacom’s men, and the increasing encroachment on Native American land. |
| What was the Battle of Quebec and why was it important? | -The battle between the British and French -Last major battle of the French and Indian War -And it gave Britain control over North America |
| Define Mercantilism | Mother Country uses colonies to make money |
| Put these 5 events in the correct order: Boston Tea Party, Proclamation Act, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, Stamp Act Congress | Proclamation Act Stamp Act Stamp Act Congress Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts Rebellion continues: leads to the Revolution |
Created by:
28leigenmann
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