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USH vocab 2
constitution, early gov't
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Republic | form of government in which power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote |
Emancipation | the act or process of freeing enslaved persons (widespread abolishment of slavery) |
Manumission | the voluntary freeing of enslaved persons (directly freed by owner) |
Recession | an economic slowdown |
Duty | a tax on imports |
Veto | power of the chief executive to reject laws passed by the legislature |
Implied powers | powers not specifically listed in the Constitution but claimed by the federal government |
Popular sovereignty | government subject to the will of the people; before the Civil War, the idea that people living in a territory had the right to decide by voting if slavery would be allowed there |
Federalism | political system in which power is divided between the national and state governments (states to federal government) |
Separation of powers | government principle in which power is divided among different branches (balance within the federal government) |
Checks and balances | the system in which each branch of government has the ability to limit the power of the other branches to prevent any from becoming too powerful |
Amendment | a change to the Constitution |
Due process | a judicial requirement that laws may not treat individuals unfairly, arbitrarily, or unreasonably, and that courts must follow proper procedures and rules when trying cases |
Bill of rights | a summary of fundamental rights and privileges guaranteed to a people against violation by the state |
Impeach | to formally charge a public official with misconduct in office |
Enumerated powers | powers listed in the Constitution as belonging to the federal government |
Reserved powers | powers retained by the states |
Concurrent powers | powers that the states and the federal government share |