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POLS Exam 2 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rick Perry | longest serving governor of TX; served 14 yrs; longest Republican |
| Ann Richards | 2nd woman governor in TX; last democrat governor in TX |
| Raul A Gonzalez | 1st Hispanic member of TX Supreme Court |
| Sid Miller | secretary of Agriculture |
| Dawn Buckingham | current Land Commissioner |
| Jane Nelson | current Secretary of State |
| John Cornyn | current US senator in TX |
| Judge Roy Bean | "law west of the Pecos" |
| Lina Hidalgo | 1st Hispanic to be named County Judge in Harris County |
| Nathan Hecht | chief justice of TX Supreme Court |
| Sharon Keller | head of other Supreme Court of TX (Court of Criminal Appeals) |
| Affirm | what happens when appellate court agrees w/ the case's decision |
| Patronage | appoint ppl to positions & jobs b/c they supported you |
| Rehabilitation | it's the new thing b/c it's cheaper; keeps you off the streets & out of jail |
| Plano shrinking school district | losing attendance & don't know what to do w/ buildings |
| emergency legislation | passes quicker w/in the 60 days of session that governor called |
| popular mandate | person won by a substantial number of votes |
| minimum age to be governor of TX | 30 yrs |
| PSF | Permanent School Fund; money goes to education |
| SBOE number of members | State Board of Education; 15 members |
| Municipal judges | appointed by cities; usually handles traffic cases |
| Sunshine laws | laws that make state entities transparent |
| Succession of governor | lieutenant governor is next |
| Straight ticket voting | vote for same party on ballot |
| Governor residency requirement | have to live here 5 yrs |
| TxDOT | TX Department of Transportation; governed by a commission |
| THHSC | TX Health & Human Services; their big job is managing medicare & medicaid |
| Sunset Review process | check every agency if it still functions & if they need it every few yrs (12 now) |
| Walmart lawsuits | walmart had lots of lawsuits but cameras fixed most of it now |
| True bill | says there's enough evidence to go to trial |
| De novo | if there's an appeal, it's de novo if it's w/o records |
| Difference in civil & criminal cases | criminal is if you break law & state comes after you; civil is if you sue somebody |
| TX penal code (highest-lowest) | highest is capital felony; lowest is Class C/3rd degree misdemeanor |
| Plaintiff | the person who is suing |
| Beyond a reasonable doubt | in a criminal trial, how you make a decision; are they guilty beyond a reasonable doubt? |
| Punitive damages | if in civil suit, award money |
| Preponderance of evidence | in a civil trial, you win if you have this (a lot of evidence) |
| Tort reform in TX | doctors got sued a lot; focused on medical & made doctors' insurance go down by helping them when they got sued |
| Probable cause | need this to search you |
| Probate courts | deals w/ wills |
| 24th amendment | got rid of poll taxes |
| States w/ 2 supreme courts | TX & Oklahoma |
| Voter residency requirements for states | average requirement is 30 days |
| Chronic minority | a party that never really wins |
| Low incarceration rate | state w/ lowest incarceration rate is Maine |
| Loser pay law | if you sue somebody a lot & you lose, you have to pay for their attorney |
| Castle doctrine | allows deadly force to defend home |
| Recidivism | going back to crime after being released |
| Age for District Judge | 25 yrs old |
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