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Ch. 6 Vocab
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| First major engagement of the new Continental army against 32,000 British troops; Washington's army was defeated and forced to retreat Manhattan Island | Battle of Long Island |
| A multistage battle in New York ending with the surrender of British general John Burgoyne. The victory ensured the diplomatic success of American representatives in Paris, who won a military alliance with France | Battle of Saratoga |
| A military camp in which George Washington's army of 12,000 soldiers and hundreds of camp followers suffered horribly in the winter | Valley Forge |
| A 1779 proclamation that declared that any slave who deserted a rebel master would receive protection, freedom, and land from Great Britain | Phillipsburg Proclamation |
| A battle in which French and American troops and a French fleet trapped trapped the British army under the command of General Charles Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. The Franco- American victory broke the resolve of the British Government led to peace n | Battle of Yorktown |
| Hidden tax on farmers and artisans who accepted Continental bills in payment for supplies and on thousands of soldiers who took them as pay. Rampant inflation caused continental currency to loose much of its value during the war, implicitly taxing peps | currency tax |
| The treaty that ended the Revolutionary War. By its terms, Great Britain formally recognized American independence and relinquished its claims to lands south of the Great Lakes and east of the Mississippi River | Treaty of Paris |
| A political theory that called for three branches of government, each representing one function: executive, legislative, and judicial. This system of dispersed authority was devised to maintain a balance of power in government. | mixed government |
| The written document defining the structure of the government from 1781 to 1788, under which the union was a confederation of equal states, with no executive and limited powers, existing mainly to foster a common defense | Articles of Confederation |
| A land act that provided for orderly settlement and established a process by which settled territories would become the states of Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan and Wisconsin. It also banned slavery | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
| A 1786- 1787 uprising led by dissident farmers in western Massachusetts. many of them revolutionary War veterans,protesting the taxation policies of the state's government | Shay's Rebellion |
| A plan drafted by James Madison that was presented at the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention. It designed a powerful three-branch government, with representation in both houses of the congress tied to population; this plan pos to small states | Virginia Plan |
| Alternative to the Virginia Plan drafted by delegates from small states, retaining the Confederation's single-house congress with one vote per state. It shared with the virginia plan enhanced congressional powers to raise revenue, control commerce, bind | New Jersey Plan |
| Supporters of the Constitution of 1787, which created a strong central government; thier opponents, the Antifederalists feared that a strong central government would corrupt the nation's newly won liberty | Federalists |
| Opponents of ratification of the Constitution. Feared that a powerful and distant central government would be out of touch with the needs of citizens. They also complained that it failed to guarantee individual liberties in a bill of right | Antifederalists |
| An essay by James Madison in The Federalists that challenged the view that republican governments only worked in small policies; it argued that geographically expansive national government would better protect republican liberty | Federalists No. 10 |
| He had led troops (rather unsuccessfully) during the French and Indian War, and had surrendered Fort Necessity to the French. He was appointed commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, and was much more successful in this second command. | George Washington |
| a Prussian-born military officer who served as inspector general and Major General of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. | Baron von Steuben |
| proposed that a large republic should have different faction centers of powers that would check each other. | James Madison |
| The larger states were conceded representation by population in the House of Representatives. And the smaller states were appeased by equal representation in the Senate. Significance: Each state no matter how small or how poor would have two senators. | The great compromise |
| Formal approval, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty. | Ratification |
| Created by John Adams to counter the appeal of the Pennsylvania Constitution. It is a two house legislature. His system dispersed authority by assigning the different functions of government-lawmaking, administering, and judging- to separate institutions. | Bicameral |
| A legislature with only one legislative chamber, as opposed to a bicameral (two-chamber) legislature, such as the U.S. Congress. | Unicameral |
Created by:
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