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P. Law Chpt. 7
Crime in America
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is crime? | something one does or fails to do that is in violation of a law |
| Criminal Law | the study of crime, its causes, punishments, and efffects |
| punishment | fine, jail time, probation, incarceration, etc for violation of laws |
| first degree murder | killing that is premeditated, deliberate, and done with malice |
| Miranda Rights | statements that must be made by the police informing a suspect of his/her constitutional rights protected by the 5th Amendment |
| principal | a person who commits a crime |
| accomplice | a person who takes part in a crime |
| Juvenile capital punishment | currently unconstitutional thanks to the 2005 Supreme Court Case Roper v Simmons |
| gang | a loosely organized group of adolescents or young adults who identify as a group and often engage in illegal activities |
| why do youth join gangs? | success, sense of belonging, family, security, protection |
| four elements a gang must have | leadership, territory, meet on a regular basis, criminal activity |
| physician assisted suicide | a form of active euthanasia in which a doctor provides the means for someone to end his or her own life |
| felony | a crime, typically one involving violence, regarded as more serious than a misdemeanor, and usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death |
| misdemeanor | a crime or offense that is less serious than a felony, any minor misbehavior or misconduct |
| causes of crime | poverty, social change and changing values, poor parenting, drug use and mental illness, permissive courts, not enough money for police, violence in the media, no single cause |
| Jack Kevorkian | a medical doctor who both promoted and assisted with suicides for nine years in the US - convicted of 2nd degree murder for issuing a lethal injection |
| who commits the majority of violent crimes? | young men |
| criminal profiling | designed to create a profile of the potential killer in the hopes of finding the suspect |
| second degree murder | killing that is done with malice, but without premeditation or deliberation |
| involuntary manslaughter | unintentional killing as a result of extremely reckless conduct |
| voluntary manslaughter | the unlawful killing of a human being in sudden heat of passion upon sufficient legal provocation |
| gang hand signs | used to identify gang allegiance |
| capital punishment | death penalty |
| Wayne Williams | Atlanta Child Murderer |
| Ted Bundy | a serial killer believed to be responsible for 40 or more murders between 1964 and 1978 who was ultimately convicted and executed |
| whose murders are often the hardest to solve? | prostitutes |
| Ernesto Miranda | convicted on the basis of a confession obtained without a lawyer; led to "Miranda Rights" today |
| What costs more in our legal system, life in prison or the death penalty? | the death penalty costs more |
| crimes of omission | failing to do something which is required by law |
| risk factors for gang membership | living in an area with high gang activity, poor home life or family tradition of gang membership, exposure to drugs and alcohol, exposure to violence |
| lethal injection | most common method and considered the most "humane" method of execution |
| What state has carried out the most executions? | Texas |
| death penalty deters additional crime and thereby saves innocent lives | argument for the death penalty |
| death penalty targets people of color and people who can not afford good lawyers | argument against the death penalty |
| House Arrest | punishment in which you would be allowed to stay at your home while monitored and hot have to spend time in prison during your sentence |
| Where are the most violent prisoners held? | state prisons |
Created by:
ndouvier
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