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Unit 3 Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Lexington and Concord | The first shots of the American Revolution were fired at these two battles outside of Boston in April 1775 |
Lexington and Concord | Called the Shot Heard Round the World |
Bunker Hill | The first major battle of the American Revolution; fought at Breed's Hill outside of Boston |
Bunker Hill | This was a British victory but the Americans inflicted heavy casualties on them, boosted their confidence and made them believe they could win |
Declaration of Independence | Document written by Thomas Jefferson; passed by Continental Congress in July 1776 |
Declaration of Independence | Officially declared that the United States was a separate country from Great Britain; listed complaints or grievances against King George III; explained reasons why America should declare its independence |
Trenton and Princeton | Battles in which George Washington outwitted the British army and won victories that boosted Americans morale to keep fighting |
Saratoga | Battle that was the turning point of the war; fought in upstate New York in 1777 |
Saratoga | Battle that convinced France to make an alliance with the United States |
Valley Forge | Camp outside of Philadelphia where the Continental Army suffered through winter but were trained and became a more professional army |
King's Mountain | Battle fought on the southern frontier by the over mountain men against Loyalists; American victory and turned the tide of the war in the south |
Guerilla Warfare | Type of warfare the Continental Army used on the British army in the south; destroyed supply lines and burned bridges instead of facing them in battle |
Yorktown | Last battle of the American Revolution in Oct 1781; place where the French Navy trapped General Charles Cornwallis on a peninsula and laid siege to the British army |
Loyalists | Also called Tories, these were Americans that sided with Great Britain during the American Revolution |
Treaty of Paris 1783 | Agreement that ended the American Revolution; US received its independence and got all the land to the Mississippi River |
George Washington | Commander of the Continental Army |
Charles Cornwallis | British general that surrendered to Washington and the French at Yorktown |
Thomas Jefferson | Member of the Second Continental Congress that wrote the Declaration of Independence |
Thomas Paine | Scottish immigrant that wrote "Common Sense" and "The Crisis" |
Benedict Arnold | Hero of the Battle of Saratoga but betrayed the United States and joined the British |
Francis Marion | Also called the "Swamp Fox"; he was an American that practiced guerilla warfare in South Carolina |
Marquis de LaFayette | French officer that was one of Washington's advisors and generals |
Baron von Steuben | Prussian army officer that trained the Continental Army at Valley Forge |
Hessians | German mercenaries that fought for the British |