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Unit 3 Colonies Voca
Unit 3 Colonies Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Lexington and Concord I | the first shots of the American Revolution were fired at these two battles outside of Boston in April 1775 |
Lexington and Concord II | called the Shot Heard Round the World |
Bunker Hill I | the first major battle of the American Revolution; fought at Breed's Hill outside of Boston |
Bunker Hill II | this was a British victory but the Americans inflicted heavy casualties on them; boosted their confidence and made them believe they could win |
Declaration of Independence I | document written by Thomas Jefferson; passed by Continental Congress in July 1776 |
Declaration of Independence II | officially declared that the United States was a separate country from Great Britain; listed complaints or grievances against King George III; explained reasons why America should declare its independence |
Trenton and Princeton | battles in which George Washington outwitted the British army and won victories that boosted the Americans morale to keep fighting. |
Saratoga I | battle that was the turning point of the war; fought in upstate New York in 1777 |
Saratoga II | battle that convinced France to make an alliance with the United States |
Valley Forge | camp outside of Philadelphia where the Continental Army suffered through Winter but were trained and became a more professional army |
King's Mountain | battle fought on the Southern frontier by the over-mountain men against Loyalists; American victory and turned the tide of the war in the South |
Guerrilla Warfare | type of warfare the Continental Army used on the British army in the South; destroyed supply lines or burned bridges instead of facing them in battle |
Yorktown | last battle of the American Revolution in October 1781; place where the French navy trapped general Charles Cornwallis on a peninsula and laid siege to the British army |
Loyalists | also called Tories, these were Americans who sided with Great Britain during the American Revolution |
Treaty of Paris 1783 | agreement that ended the American Revolution; US received its independence and got all the land up to the Mississippi River |
George Washington | commander of the Continental Army |
Charles Cornwallis | British General who surrendered to Washington and the French at Yorktown |
Thomas Jefferson | member of the Second Continental Congress who wrote the Deceleration of Independence |
Thomas Paine | Scottish immigrant who wrote "Common Sense" and "The Crisis" |
Benedict Arnold | Hero of the battle of Saratoga but betrayed the United States and Joined the British |
Francis Marion | also called the "Swamp Fox"; he was an American who practiced guerrilla warfare in South Carolina |
Marquis de LaFayette | French officer who was one of Washington's advisors and generals |
Baron von Steuben | Prussian army officer who trained the Continental Army at Valley Forge |
Hessians | German mercenaries who fought for the British |