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APUSH U2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| headwright system | land grant system that gave land to investors who paid for immigrants to move to Colonial America. It was created by the Virginia Company and first used in Jamestown in 1618. |
| halfway covenant | A Puritan church document; In 1662, the Halfway Covenant allowed partial membership rights to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church; It lessened the difference between the "elect" members of the church from the regular members |
| middle passage | middle segment of the forced journey that slaves made from Africa to America throughout the 1600's; it consisted of the dangerous trip across the Atlantic Ocean; many slaves perished on this segment of the journey. |
| Indentured servants | a poor person obligated to a fixed term of unpaid labor, often in exchange for a benefit such as transportation, protection, or training |
| Leisler's rebellion | an uprising in late 17th century colonial New York, in which German American merchant and militia captain Jacob Leisler seized control of the colony's south and ruled it from 1689 to 1691. |
| Bacon's rebellion | an uprising that took place in Colonial Virginia in 1675–1677. Nathanial Bacon and his army of farmers, indentured servants, and slaves attacked Jamestown and demanded the governor's resignation |
| William Berkeley | a Governor of Virginia, appointed by King Charles I, of whom he was a favorite. He was governor from 1641-1652 and 1660-1677; enacted friendly policies towards the Indians that led to Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. |
| Nathaniel Bacon | a planter who led rebels to attack Indians, chase away Governor Berkeley, and torched the capital. the first popular uprising in the American colonies. It was long viewed as an early revolt against English tyranny |
| Paxton boys | group of Scots-Irish men living in the Appalachian hills that wanted protection from Indian attacks. armed march on Philadelphia in 1764. protested the lenient way Quakers treated the Indians. Their ideas started the Regulator Movement in North Carolina. |
| Triangular trade | triangular trade routes that carried British manufactured goods to Africa and the Colonies, products (like tobacco, sugar) to Europe, and Slaves from Africa to the New World. Northern Colonies participated in this trade too by shipping slaves south |
| Regulator Movement | movement during the 1760's by western North Carolinians, mainly Scots-Irish, that resented the way that the Eastern part of the state dominated political affairs. They believed that the tax money was being unevenly distributed |
| Jonathan Edwards | American theologian and Congregational clergyman, whose sermons stirred the religious revival, called the Great Awakening. |
| George Whitefield | founded the Methodist movement. An Anglican evangelist and the leader of Calvinistic Methodists, he was the most popular preacher of the Evangelical Revival in Great Britain and the Great Awakening in Americ |
| Royal colony | owned and completely administered by the Crown. The Governor and his Council were appointed by the King and these lands existed simply to generate wealth for England |
| proprietary colony | A colony in which 1 or more individuals remained ownership to their state's sanctions. Most of these were run under a colonial charter agreement |
| Molasses act | to make more money for Great Britain by controlling trade among its colonies it imposed duties and shipping restrictions on sugar and molasses imported into the North American colonies |
| Phillis Wheatley | First African American female writer to be published in the United States. Her book Poems on Various Subjects was published in 1773, pioneered African-American literature |
| John Peter Zenger | German immigrant printed a publication The New York Weekly Journal. harshly pointed out the actions of the corrupt royal governor, William S. Cosby. It accused the government of rigging elections and allowing the French enemy to explore New York harbor. |
| Huguenots | French calvanist/ bourgeois (upper middle-class people) with many merchants and lawyers. They were urban people and settled in the cities and achieved importance in colonial life as they were skilled in exercising leadership. |
| Edict of Nantes | Decree that allowed for limited toleration of French Protestants. Was repealed in 1685 which allowed for more migration to North America for Protestants. |
| War of Jenkins Ear | . land squabble between Britain and Spain over Georgia and trading rights. Battles took place in the Caribbean and on the Florida/Georgia border. The name comes from a British captain named Jenkins, whose ear was cut off by the Spanish. |
| Albany Congress | a gathering in Albany, New York of colonial representatives who met from June 19-July 10, 1754 to develop a treaty with Native Americans and plan the defense of the colonies against France. |
| Pontiac's uprising | uprising of Native American Indian tribes following the French and Indian War that led to the passage of the Proclamation of 1763 and the British decision to establish a permanent standing army in North America |
| Proclamation of 1763 | proclamation from the British government forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east.(no brits in french land after french indian war) |
| William Pitt | Whig statesman who shifted British efforts in the French and Indian War from colonial skirmishes to the capturing of Canada |
| Edward Braddock | British commander during the French and Indian War. He attempted to capture Fort Duquesne (primary FR fort in OH) in 1755. He was defeated by the French and the Indians. At this battle, Braddock was mortally wounded. |
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