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2 be logical

Introductory logic Lessons 14-18

QuestionAnswer
contradiction IF and ONLY IF two statements ALWAYS have opposite truth values
In the square of opposition, statements in _________________________ corners are CONTRADICTORY statements. OPPOSITE
A statements All S are P
E statements No S are P
I statements Some S are P
O statements Some S are not P
contrary IF and only IF two statements CAN both be FALSE but canNOT BOTH be TRUE
Only A and E statements (universal statements) can be ________________ (both be false, but not both be true). CONTRARY
In any argument that involves contrary claims, remember that it is possible for BOTH claims to be ____________ - there may be a third option. FALSE
SUBcontrariety when two statements can BOTH be TRUE but canNOT both be FALSE
Only I and O statements (particular statements) can be related by _______________________________ (both statements could be true at the same time but cannot both be false). SUBCONTRARIETY
The statements "All 8th graders are brilliant" and "No 8th graders are brilliant" are related by contrariety.
The statements "Some girls are singers" and "No girls are singers" are contradictions.
The statements "Some boys are basketball players" and "Some boys are not basketball players" are related by subcontrariety.
the relationship between a universal & particular statement of the same quality, in which the TRUTH of the universal necessitates the TRUTH of the particular subimplication
Subimplication is a relationship that exists between ___________ statements and ___________ statements A & I (and) E & O
the relationship between a universal & particular statement of the same quality, in which the falsity of the particular necessitates the falsity of the universal superimplication
Superimplication is a relationship that exists between ___________ statements and ___________ statements. I & A (and) O & E
Subimplication and superimplication only work in ONE direction.
Created by: MrsHough
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