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Stufflet Unit 20
Unit 20 APUSH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Lyndon Johnson | took over Presidency upon JFK's assassination (1963-68) |
| “war on poverty” | phrase used by LBJ to describe his attempt to eliminate poverty in US |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Outlawed discrimination in public transport and facilities (hotels, restaurants) |
| Medicare | nationally funded medical coverage for elderly created by LBJ |
| Medicaid | nationally funded medical care for low-income citizens created by LBJ |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | mandated federal oversight of elections in South |
| Head Start | early school start for 3 year olds in low income families |
| Gulf of Tonkin Incident | 8/64: US destroyer Maddox exchanged fire with North Vietnamese; resulted in LBJ expanding the war in Vietnam |
| Vietcong (VC—aka “Charlie”) | Communist guerrillas in South Vietnam |
| North Vietnamese Army (NVA) | Regular North Vietnamese Army that fought along border (DMZ: demilitarized zone) between North and South Vietnam |
| Ho Chi Minh Trail | communist supply trail that ran through Laos and Cambodia into South Vietnam |
| “search and destroy” | US strategy of establishing enclaves and searching South Vietnamese countryside for VC |
| Operation Rolling Thunder | code name for saturation bombing of Vietnam by US Air Force |
| “New” Left | Young liberals who tried to distance themselves from traditional Democrats who weren’t fulfilling American ideals |
| Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) | student group that wrote Port Huron Statement; believed in greater democracy, more civil rights, and more equitable distribution of wealth |
| The Counterculture | Nickname for group that rebelled against social mainstream; most represented by "hippie" movement |
| Haight-Ashbury | district in San Francisco that was center of the Counterculture |
| Black Power Movement | Comprised of those who lost patience with non-violent, gradualist approach of MLK |
| Malcolm X | part of Black Power movement and Nation of Islam; believed in black self-defense and immediate equality with whites |
| Stokely Carmichael | originally part of Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, he later formed more militant Black Panther Party |
| My Lai Massacre | Murder of app. 350-500 South Vietnamese civilians (mostly women, children) by platoon led by William Calley |
| Kent State, 1970 | most famous protest of Vietnam War; Ohio National Guard kills 4 student protesters on college campus |
| Tet Offensive | massive 1968 offensive by VC and NVA; resulted in public opinion in US turning against war |
| Martin Luther King | civil rights leader assassinated in 1968 in Memphis |
| Robert Kennedy | Democratic presidential candidate assassinated in 1968 after having won California primary |
| Democratic National Convention 1968 | resulted in division within Democratic Party between pro-war and anti-war factions |
| George Wallace | ran as American-Independent in 1968; was anti-integration, anti-Great Society, anti-counterculture |
| Great Society | nickname for LBJ's domestic program |
| Richard Nixon | Republican Party candidate in 1968 |
| “Vietnamization” | term that described the plan to train South Vietnamese to take over war effort |
| “ping-pong diplomacy” | term that describes diplomatic attempts to improve US-Chinese relations under Nixon |
| Détente | term to describe easing of tensions with USSR under Nixon |
| SALT: Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty (1972) | treaty between US and USSR that froze nuclear weapons at current (1972) levels |
| Stagflation | unusual circumstance of high unemployment AND high inflation under Nixon |
| Watergate | Nickname for scandal that caused Nixon to re-sign in 1974 |
| CREEP | Committee to Re-Elect the President; its "burglars" attempted to steal campaign secrets from the Democrats |
| Gerald Ford | became President after resignation of Richard Nixon |
| Silent Spring | book by Rachel Carson that raised concerns about the use of pesticides in agriculture; credited with starting modern environmental movement |
| National Organization of Women (NOW) | founded in 1966 by Betty Friedan and Shirley Chisolm, it is the largest women's organization that works to secure political, professional, and educational equality for women |
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