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TCI Lessons 9 & 11
Civil War & Reconstruction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compromise of 1850 | measures passed by Congress in 1850 to admit California into the Union as a free state, to divide the rest of the Southwest into the New Mexico and Utah territories. |
| Dred Scott decision | the 1857 ruling of the Supreme Court in the case Scott v. Sandford that legalized slavery in the territories and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional |
| Fort Sumter | a federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina, at which the first battle of the Civil War took place on April 12, 1861 |
| Fugitive Slave Law | a law first passed by Congress in 1793 to allow the seizure and return of people who had escaped slavery and fled to another state or a federal territory |
| John Brown’s raid | a raid led by abolitionist John Brown in 1856 in hopes of seizing the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia, in order to distribute the weapons to people enslaved in the area and spark a revolt |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | a law passed by Congress in 1854 to establish Kansas and Nebraska as territories with popular sovereignty |
| Missouri Compromise | measures passed by Congress in 1820 to admit Missouri into the Union as a state with slavery and Maine as a free state while also setting a line at latitude 36° 30' |
| Sectionalism | strong concern for local interests. |
| Thirteenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1865 abolishing slavery in the United States |
| Fourteenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1868 granting citizenship to all formerly enslaved people by declaring that anyone born in the United States is a citizen |
| Fifteenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1870 granting Black men the right to vote |
| Jim Crow laws | any of the laws legalizing racial segregation of Black people and White people that were enacted in Southern states beginning in the 1880s and enforced through the 1950s |
| Black Codes | laws enacted in 1865 and 1866 in the former Confederate states to restrict freedom and opportunities for African Americans |
| Freedmen’s Bureau | a federal agency established in 1865, at the end of the Civil War, to help and protect the 4 million newly freed African Americans as they transitioned out of enslavement |
| Sharecropping | a form of tenant farming in which the land owner provides a tenant not only with land but also with the money needed to purchase equipment and supplies and possibly also food, clothing, and supervision |
| Literacy Test | a test of one's ability to read and write |
| Poll Tax | a tax of a set rate that is imposed on each person in a population |
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