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Unit 3: Euro. Geog.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Danube River | flows eastward from southwestern Germany, through Central and Eastern Europe, before emptying into the Black Sea off the coast of Ukraine. It is the second longest river in Europe after the Volga in Russia. |
| Rhine River | flows northward from the Swiss Alps through Germany and empties into the North Sea off the coast of Denmark. This nearly 766-mile long river is the busiest shipping route in the world. |
| English Channel | a waterway located along the northwest of the continent between France and the United Kingdom. |
| European Plain | This is the largest uninterrupted expanse of plains (i.e., mountain-free land form) on Earth. |
| The Alps | are located in Southern Europe and divide Italy and Switzerland. |
| Ural Mountains | Europe's easternmost land boundary, which run north to south through western Russia. |
| Iberian Peninsula | Spain & Portugal. |
| acid rain | toxic rain which results when noxious gases are released into the atmosphere and mix with water molecules |
| smog | An atmospheric phenomenon whereby vehicle exhaust and factory smoke combine with fog. |
| Chernobyl | located in northern Ukraine, site of the worst nuclear disaster in human history |
| fallout | the resettling of irradiated particles released into the atmosphere after a nuclear explosion |
| arable | suitable for farming |
| climate | the average annual weather conditions in a given location |
| permafrost | permanently frozen soil |
| urban | an industrialized area of a city or town |
| Causes of Acid Rain in Germany | emissions from many coal-burning power plants. |
| Effects of Acid Rain in Germany | pollutes freshwater sources, poisons fisheries, kills forests, and even degradates architecture. |
| Solutions to Acid Rain in Germany | -Reducing its coal-dependence -Hydroelectric power -Wind and solar energy |
| Causes of Air Pollution in the UK | numerous factories across the country processing oil, natural gas, and coal. The pollutants being released from these factories, coupled with the overcrowding and widespread use of motor vehicles in its major cities |
| Effects of Air Pollution in the UK | Increased incidence rates of pneumonia and asthma |
| Solutions to Air Pollution in the UK | Tightening vehicle and factory emissions standards, encouraging public mass transportation, and promoting the use of cleaner burning coal. |
| Causes of Chernobyl | The result of an experiment conducted by the plant's engineers to determine whether or not the cooling pump system could still function under low power if auxiliary electricity were to ever fail. |
| Effects of Chernobyl | - Nuclear Fallout - Soil Contamination - High rates of cancer - Evacuation of the area |
| Solutions to Chernobyl | In the wake of the accident, Ukraine vowed to become a nuclear-free country. Its last nuclear reactor was shut down in 2000. The reactor site was covered in concrete, but that is starting to crumble. |
| Germany's Location | located in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by Denmark, to the west by the Netherlands, Belgium, and France, to the south by Switzerland and Austria, and to the east by the Czech Republic and Poland. |
| Germany's Climate | The western part is warmer in the summer months with mild winters, while the eastern part tends to have much colder winters and longer, hotter summers. |
| Germany's Natural Resources | has ample arable land and many lush forests supporting an abundant timber industry. The nation also has large deposits of coal and iron ore, which support both its automotive and energy industries. |
| Germany's Population | Most of the population centers are found in its urban areas, many of which are located in the western part near the Rhine River. The largest population center is Berlin, its capital. |
| The United Kingdom's Location | located off the coast of Western Europe, directly across the English Channel from France. It boasts Europe's 3rd largest population and economy, but ranks 11th in terms of total land area. |
| The United Kingdom's Climate | heavily influenced by ocean currents, the climate is relatively mild. The nation receives frequent rainfall throughout the year, which, along with its abundant arable land, makes much of the land suitable for farming and livestock grazing. |
| The United Kingdom's Natural Resources | abundant arable land, makes much of the land suitable for farming and livestock grazing. It also has large deposits of coal, iron ore, natural gas, and petroleum. |
| The United Kingdom's Population | its population centers are found in its urban areas where mining and service jobs are prevalent. London, the capital, is the nation's largest population center. |
| Russia's Location | is located across two continents. The majority of its land area is found in northern Asia; however, nearly a quarter of the country is located west of the Ural Mountains in Europe. |
| Russia's Climate | The western climate varies between cool summers and harsh winters. In fact much of the northern soil is permanently frozen throughout the year, a phenomenon known as permafrost. The eastern climate is much colder and more harsh. |
| Russia's Natural Resources | timber resources, and a bustling mining industry in the Ural Mountains where gold, iron ore, coal, and aluminum are present. Also has lots of oil and natural gas in its northern regions, but the cold climate in this area makes their extraction difficult. |
| Russia's Population | The western portion is where 77% of the country's population lives. Most people live on the European side of the country where the climate is comparatively more hospitable. The capital, Moscow, boasts its largest population center. |
| Indo-European languages | originating from within Europe |
| Romance languages | languages deriving from Latin, which was spoken during the Roman Empire |
| Cyrillic alphabet | writing system developed by the Slavic peoples of Eastern Europe, incorporating Roman and Greek characters as well as unique Slavic symbols (e.g., А Б В Г Д Е Ж) |
| Germanic languages | languages deriving from the early Germanic peoples of Northern and Central Europe |
| Roman alphabet | writing system developed by the Romans and commonly used by many Romance and Germanic languages today (e.g., A B C D E F G) |
| Slavic languages | languages deriving from the early Slavic peoples of Eastern Europe |
| Romance languages examples | Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian |
| Germanic languages examples | English, German, Dutch, Norwegian |
| Slavic languages examples | Russian, Ukrainian, Polish |
| monotheistic | believing in and/or worshiping a single deity (i.e., one God) |
| Bible | Sacred text of Christianity |
| Torah | Sacred text of Judaism |
| Quran (Koran) | Sacred text of Islam |
| Synagogue | Jewish place of worship |
| Church | Christian place of worship |
| Mosque | Muslim place of worship |
| Middle East | where Judaism, Christianity, and Islam originated |
Created by:
heather.chapman
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