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APSUH Vocab Chapter1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| African Slave Trade | an oceanic trade in African men, women, and children. |
| Algonquian | tribe along the east cost going upward. They traded fur and hunted. |
| Atlantic World | Atlantic History is a dynamic field of historical scholarship and teaching focused on the common, interactive history of Europe, Africa, and the Americas, especially the Caribbean. |
| Biological and Cultural Changes | Europeans gave the Natives diseases, new crops, and livestock, most importantly the horse. The Natives gave the Europeans crops like corn, farming techniques, Spanish, Portuguese, and Christianity. |
| Cahokia | The center of the trading network. Was located nera Missourt, Illinois, and Mississippi. |
| Catholic Missions (Spanish) | Catholic missions were installed throughout the Americas in an effort to integrate native populations as part of the Spanish culture. |
| Charter Companies | the King, by signing the charter, was giving almost complete power to the founder of the colony and those that live in i |
| Christopher Columbus | Italian explorer and colonizer. While attempting to prove a westward sea route for East Asian trade existed, he stumbled across the Bahamas in October 1492 |
| Conquistadores | a general term for any one of a group of Spanish explorers in the New World who sought to conquer the native people, establish dominance over their lands, and prosper from their natural resources, including gold. |
| Corn (Maize) Cultivation | A crop. Started near present day mexico and spreaded northwards |
| Coureurs De Bois | Translated to French fur traders, many of mixed Amerindian heritage, who lived among and often married with Amerindian peoples of North America. |
| Don Juan De Onate | Spanish conquistador. His purpose was to spread Roman Catholicism in New Mexico |
| Encomienda | a labor system instituted by the Spanish crown in the American colonies. In this system the Spanish crown granted colonists the right to demand labor of native peoples in the mines and fields. |
| Fur Trade | The fur trade was an important part of the economic and political development of North America. |
| Henry Hudson | English explorer and navigator who helped with the first European explorations of the Arctic Ocean and northeastern North America. He discovered various North American water routes |
| Iroquois | a confederation of 5 later 6 tribes. Known for their longhouses. Lived near new York. |
| Jamestown | the first successful permanent English settlement in North America. It was established on May 14, 1607, in present-day Virginia |
| Matrilineal | the form of society in which family line, power, and wealth are passed primarily through the female side. |
| Mercantilism | the economic idea that a country's wealth is measured by the amount of gold it owns. The goal of mercantilist economic policy is to export more goods than you import, so that you bring more money into the country than you send out to other nations. |
| Meso-Americans | People from where mexico is. Were the first to use corn then it spreaded upward. Olmec, Zapotec, Maya, Toltec, and Aztec peoples. |
| Mestizos | a person who is Spanish and Latin America, this mostly refers to the second generation of the voyagers. Their births signified the unification of two cultures and was a sign for coexistence |
| Pueblo Revolt | a revolution against Spanish religious, economic, and political institutions imposed upon the Pueblos. It is the only successful Native uprising against a colonizing power in North America. |
| Puritans | The Puritans were non-separatists who wished to adopt reforms to purify the Church of England. They received a right to settle in the Massachusetts Bay area from the King of England. 1629 |
| Racial Hierarchy | a system of stratification that focuses on the belief that some racial groups are either superior or inferior to other racial groups. Europeans at the top, |
| Roanoke | England's first colony in North America, located in what is today North Carolina, USA. Established in 1585 CE, abandoned and then resettled in 1587 CE |
| Samuel De Champlain | French navigator, cartographer, soldier, explorer, and geographer. He found New France and Quebec City in 1608 and came up with the first accurate map of the coast in Canada |
| Separatists | a group of Puritans who wanted to completely separate themselves from the Church of England. |
| Sir Walter Raleigh | In 1585, Sir Walter Raleigh took on one of the first English settlement attempts. He set up a colony of about 100 men on the east coast of North America, on land he named Virginia after Queen Elizabeth I, |
| Smallpox | In 1616 smallpox killed many Native Americans living along the New England coast. Very bad disease |
| Tenochtitlan | capital of the Aztec empire |
| Woodland Indians | hunted small game, foraged in the forests; emphasis on sedentary life; importance on cultivation; settled, thus creating towns and villages; eastern United States. |
| 3 sister crops | corn/maize, beans, and squash |
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