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unit 1 colonies Voc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America. |
| joint stock company | group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony . |
| John Smith | person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership. |
| John Rolfe | person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown,made it successful |
| indentured servant | a person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract. |
| Powhatan | group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers. |
| Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing them food. |
| House of Burgesses | First representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony. |
| Separatists | Also called Pilgrims, wanted to break from the church of England. |
| Plymouth | Name of the colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom. |
| Mayflower contract | government of the pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony. |
| Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish. |
| Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the church of England and reform it |
| Massachusetts Bay | the names of the colony the Puritans established. |
| Theocracy | type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
| John Winthrop | governor of Massachusetts Bay, Leader of the Puritans. |
| William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
| City on a hill | named of speech given by John Winthrop says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work. |
| Tomas Hooker | founder of the Connecticut colony. |
| Roger Williams | founder of Rhode Island and wanted peace with Native Americans |
| Rhode Island | the first island, wanted peace with Native Americans |
| Anne Hutchinson | woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings. |
| New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance. |
| Quakers | religious group that settled in Pennsylvania. |
| Quakers | believed in equality between men and women, slavery was evil, and they could experience God though an "inner glow". |
| The first great Awakening | religious movement that swept though the colonies in the early 1700s. |
| First Great Awakening | Revival that lead to more religious tolerance and more churches. |
| George Whitefield | famous preacher in the first great awakening who preached the sermon sinners in the hands of angry god . |
| Jonathan Edwards | First Great awakening preacher who preached the sermon sinners in the hands of an angry god. |
| Middle Passage | the journey slaves from Africa to the Americas. |
| Triangular trade | a network of trading between the Americans, Europe and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves. |
| Mercantilism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange of raw materials. |
| Georgia | founded as a buffer colony and a place for poor work off their debts. |
| Debtor | a person that owes money to another. |
| James Oglethorpe | Founder of Georgia colony. |
| Cash crop | Crops that are sold in a global market. |
| Overt | Ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led rebellion against their owners. |
| Passive | Ways slaves resisted that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses. |
| Navigation Acts | Laws passes by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited |
| Separatists | Religious group that wanted to break away from the church of England. |
| Navigation Acts | Series of laws that required colonies to only trade with Great Britain. |
| France | Country in Europe that colonized Canada and the Mississippi River Valley. |
| Spain | Country in Europe that founded colonies in South America, Mexico. and the Southwest |
| William Penn | Leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans. |
| Spain | Catholic nation, colonized the Americas for gold and to convert Natives to Christianity. |
| France | Catholic nation that colonized America off the fur trade with Natives. |