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Caroline S. Unit#1
8/31 at midnight -Unit 1 vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America |
Joint stock company | group of investors that share the profits and losses of the colony |
John smith | person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
John Rolfe | the person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful |
Indentured servant | a person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contact |
Powhatan | group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers |
Pocahontas | Daughter of Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food |
House of Burgeesses | first representative government in North America, located in Virginia |
Separatists | Also, called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the church of England |
Plymouth | Name of colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom |
Mayflower Compact | government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique |
Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the church of England and reform it |
Massachuhusetts Bay | the name of the colony that Puritans established |
Theocracy | type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
John Winthrop | governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans |
William Bradford | governor of Plymouth, leader of the pilgrims |
City on a hill | name of speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work |
Thomas Hooker | founder of the Connecticut Colony |
Roger Willlams | the founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans |
Rhode Island | the first colony that established religious freedom |
Anne Hutchlnson | woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
New Netherlands | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance 24. religious group that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, that slavery was evil,and that they could experience God through an ¨Inner Light¨ |
First Great Awakening | Religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700´s; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
Jonathan Edwards | First Great Awaking preacher who preached the sermon Sinner in the Hands of an Angry God |
Middles Passages | the journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
Triangular trade | a network of trading between the Americans, Europe and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves |
Mercantillism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
Georgia | founder as buffer colony and place for the poor to work off their debts 34. a person that owes money to another |
James Oglethorpe | founder of Georgia colony |
Cash crops | crops that are sold to make profits in global market |
Overt | ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
Passive | ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, fake illness |
Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited (colonies could only trade with Great Britain) |
William Penn | leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives; |