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Alexis H. Unit#1
8/31 At Midnight - Unit 1 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America. |
Joint stock company | Group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony. |
John Smith | Person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership. |
John Rolfe | The person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful. |
Indentured Servant | A person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for a free passage to America, given freedom and land and the end of their contract. |
Powhatan | Group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers. |
Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food |
House of Burgesses | First representative government in North America, located in the Virginia colony. |
Separatists | Also called the pilgrims, wanted to break from the Church of England. |
Plymouth | Name of the colony that separatists established for religious freedom |
Mayflower Compact | Government of the pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique |
Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it |
Massachusetts Bay | The name of the colony the puritans established |
Theocracy | Type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
City On A Hill | Name of the speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work |
Thomas Hooker | Founder of the Conneticut Colony |
Roger Williams | The founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans |
John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans |
Rhode Island | The first colony that established religious freedom |
Anne Hutchinson | Woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
Quakers | Religious group that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, that slavery was evil, and that they could experience God through an "Inner Light" |
First Great Awakening | Religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700's; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
Jonathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" |
Middle Passage | The journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
Triangular Trade | A network of trading between the Americans, Europe, and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods, and slaves |
Mercantilism | The economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
Georgia | Founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off their debts |
Debtor | A person who owes money to another |
James Oglethorpe | Founder of Georgia colony |
Cash Crops | Crops that are sold to make profits in a global market |
Overt Resistance | Ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
Passive Resistance | Ways salves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illness |
Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited (Colonies could only trade with Great Britain) |
William Penn | Leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives |