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Adelaide M Unit #1
Unit #1 Vocabulary-History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America. |
| Joint Stock Company | Group of investors that share the profits and losses of a company. |
| John Smith | The person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
| John Rolfe | The person that introduced tobacco in Jamestown, made it successful |
| Indentured Servants | A person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America |
| Powhatan | Group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers |
| Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food. |
| House of Burgesses | First representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony |
| Separatists | Also called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the Church of England |
| Plymouth | Name of the colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom |
| Mayflower Compact | Government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony |
| Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique |
| Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it |
| Massachusetts Bay | The name of the colony the Puritans established |
| Theocracy | Type of government in which the religious leaders make the laws |
| John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans |
| William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
| City on a Hill | Name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work |
| Thomas Hooker | Founder of the Connecticut Colony |
| Roger Williams | The founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans |
| Rhode Island | The first colony that established religious freedom |
| Anne Hutchinson | Woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
| New Netherlands | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
| Quakers | Religious group that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, that slavery was evil, and that they could experience God through an "Inner Light" |
| First Great Awakening | Religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700's; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
| George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
| Johnathon Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands if an Angry God |
| Middle Passage | The journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
| Triangular Trade | A network of trading between the Americas, Europe, and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods, and slaves |
| Mercantilism | The economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
| Georgia | Founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off their debts |
| Debtor | A person that owes money to another |
| James Oglethorpe | Founder of Georgia colony |
| Cash crops | Crops that are sold to make profits in a global market |
| Overt Resistance | Ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
| Passive Resistance | Ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses, etc |
| Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that England only benefited (colonies could only trade with Great Britain) |
| William Penn | Leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
| France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives |
Created by:
metzgade000
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