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Cam M. Unit 1 Vocab
vocab terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America. |
Joint stock company | Group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony. |
John Smith | Person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership. |
John Rolfe | The person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful. |
Indentured servants | A person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract. |
Powhatan | Group of native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers. |
Pocahontas | Daughter of a native american chief that had helped Jamestown by providing food. |
The House of Burgesses | First representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony. |
Separatists | Also called the pilgrims, wanted to break from the England church. |
Plymouth Colony | Name of the colony that the separatists established for religious freedom. |
Mayflower Compact | Government of the pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony. |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique. |
Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it. |
Massachusetts Bay Colony | The name of the colony that the puritans established. |
Theocracy | Type of government in which religious leaders make the laws. |
John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the puritans. |
William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the pilgrims. |
City On A Hill | Name of speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work. |
Thomas Hooker | Founder of the Connecticut Colony. |
Roger Williams | The founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans. |
Rhode Island | The first colony that established religious freedom. |
Anne Hutchinson | Woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings. |
New Netherlands | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
Quakers | Religious group that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, slavery is evil, and that they could experience God through an Inner Light. |
First Great Awakening | religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700s; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches. |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies. |
Johnathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. |
Middle Passage | the journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
Triangular Trade | a network of trading between the Americas, Europe, and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves. |
Mercantilism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
Georgia | founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off debts. |
Debtor | a person that owes money to another |
James Oglethorpe | founder of Georgia colony |
Cash crop | crops sold to make profit in a global market. |
Overt Resistance | ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
Passive Resistance | ways slaves resisted that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses |
The Navigation Acts | laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited (colonies could only trade with Great Britain). |
William Penn | leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
French Empire | Catholic nation that colonized america to profit off the fur trade with Natives |