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Unit 1 Colony Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The 1st sucessful and permanent English colony in North America |
Joint Stock Company | group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony |
John Smith | person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
John Rolfe | person that introduced Tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it sucessful |
Indentured servant | a person that agrees to work for 7-10 yearsin exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract. |
Powhatan | group of native americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers. |
Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American cheif that helped Jamestown by providing food. |
House of Burgesses | first represenative government in North America, located in Virginia colony. |
Separatist | Also called the Pilgrams, wanted to break from Church of England |
Plymouth | Name of the colony that the Separatist established for religous freedom |
Mayflower Compact | government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony. |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique. |
Puritans | Religous group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it. |
Massachusetts Bay | the name of the colony the Puritans established. |
Theocracy | type of government in which religous leaders make the laws. |
John Winthrop | governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans. |
William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
City on a hill | name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religous faith and hard work |
Thomas Hooker | founder of the Conneticut colony |
Rodger Willaims | founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans. |
Rhode Island | The 1st colony that established religous freedom. |
Anne Hutchinson | women that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings. |
New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encourage tolerance |
Quakers | religous group that settled Pennsylvania |
Quakers | believed in equality between men and women, slavery is evil, and that they could experience God through an "Inner Light" |
First Great Awakening | religous movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700s |
First Great Awakening | Revival that led to more religous tolernace and more churches |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies. |
Johnathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. |
Middle Passage | the journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas. |
Triangular Trade | a network of trading between the Americans, Europe, and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves |
Mercantilism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactered goods to its colonies in exchange for raw material |
Georgia | founded as a buffer colony and a place for poor to work off their debts. |
Debtor | a person that owes money to another |
James Oglethorpe | founder of Georgia colony |
Cash crops | crops that are sold to make profits in a global market |
Overt | ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
Passive | ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illness |
Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that England benefited. |
Seperatist | Religous group that wanted to break away from the Church of England. |
Navigation Acts | series of laws that required colonies to only trade with Great Britain. |
France | country in Europe that colonized Canada and Missisippi River valley |
Spain | country in Europe that founded colonies in South America, Mexico, and the Southwest. |
William Penn | leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans. |
Spain | Catholic Nation, colonized the Americas for gold and to convert Natives to Christianity. |
France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trades with Natives. |