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Unit 1 SS Vocab
Study the Unit 1 SS Vocab!
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The first successful and permanent English colony in North America |
Joint Stock Company | Group of investors that share the profit and losses of a colony |
John Smith | Person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
John Rolfe | Person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful |
Indentured servant | A person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract |
Powhatan | Group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers |
House of Burgesses | First representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony |
Separatists | Also called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the Church of England |
Plymouth | Name of the colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom |
Mayflower Compact | Government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique |
Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it |
Massachusetts Bay | The name of the colony the Puritans established |
Theocracy | Type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans |
William Bradford Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
City on a hill | Name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work |
Thomas Hooker | Founder of the Connecticut Colony |
Roger Williams | Founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans |
Rhode Island | The first colony that established religious freedom |
Anne Hutchinson | Woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
Quakers | Religious group that settled Pennsylvania |
Quakers | Believed in equality between men and women, slavery was evil, and they could experience God through an “Inner Light” |
First Great Awakening | Religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700s |
First Great Awakening | Revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
Jonathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God |
Middle Passage | The journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
Triangular Trade | A network of trading between the Americans, Europe and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods and slaves |
Mercantilism | The economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
Georgia | Founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off their debts |
Debtor | A person that owes money to another |
James Oglethorpe | Founder of Georgia colony |
Cash Crops | Crops that are sold to make profits in a global market |
Overt | Ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
Passive | Ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses |
Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited |
Separatists Religious | Group that wanted to break away from the Church of England |
Navigation Acts | Series of laws that required colonies to only trade with Great Britain |
France | Country in Europe that colonized Canada and the Mississippi River Valley |
Spain | Country in Europe that founded colonies in South America, Mexico, and the Southwest |
William Penn | Leader of the Quackers that signed a treaty with hte Native Americans |
Spain | Catholic nation, colonized the Americas for gold and to convert Natives to Christianity |
France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives |
Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food |