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Vlassopulos Unit #1
Mr. Loy Vocab Due 8/31
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jamestown | the first successful and permanent English colony in North America |
| Join Stock Company | group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony |
| John Smith | person that helped Jamestown survive with his leadership |
| John Rolfe | the person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful |
| Indentured servant | a person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract |
| Powhatan | group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers |
| Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food |
| First Great Awakening | first representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony |
| Separatists | also called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the Church of England |
| Plymouth | name of the colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom |
| Mayflower Compact | government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony |
| Squanto | Native American that helped Pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique |
| Purtians | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | the name of the colony the Puritans established |
| Theocracy | type of government in which religious leaders make the laws |
| John Winthrop | governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans |
| William Bradford | governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims |
| City On A Hill | name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work |
| Thomas Hooker | founder of the Connecticut Colony |
| Rodger Williams | the founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with the Native Americans |
| Rhode Island | the first colony that established religious freedom |
| Anne Hutchinson | woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings |
| New Netherlands | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance |
| The Great Awakening | religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700´s; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches |
| George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies |
| Jonathan Edwards | First Awakening preacher who preached the sermon Sinners in the hands of an Angry God |
| Middle passage | the journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas |
| Triangular trade | a network of trading between the Americas, Europe, and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods, and slaves |
| mercantilism | the economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials |
| Georgia | founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off their debts |
| A debtor | a person that owes money to another |
| The Quaker | religious groups that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, that slavery was evil, and that they could experience God through an ¨Inner Light¨ |
| James Olgethorpe | founder of Georgia colony |
| cash crops | crops that are sold to make profits in global market |
| overt resistance | ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners |
| passive resistance | ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses |
| The Navigation Acts | laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited (colonies could only trade with Great Britain) |
| William Penn | leaders of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans |
| France | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives |
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