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Gaccione Unit #1
Vocab for SS-Due AUG 31
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Jamestown | The first sucessful and permanent colony in North America. |
Joint-Stock Company | A group of investors that share the profits and losses of a colony. |
John Smith | A person That helped Jamestown survive with his leadership. |
John Rolfe | The person that introduced tobacco growing in Jamestown, made it successful. |
Inderntured Servants | A person that agrees to work for 7-10 years in exchange for free passage to America, given freedom and land at the end of their contract. |
Powhatan | Group of Native Americans that helped and also fought with the Jamestown settlers. |
Pocahontas | Daughter of a Native American chief that helped Jamestown by providing food. |
House of Burgesses | First representative government in North America, located in Virginia colony. |
Separatists | Also called the Pilgrims, wanted to break from the Church of England. |
Plymouth Colony | Name of the colony that the Separatists established for religious freedom. |
The Mayflower Compact | Government of the Pilgrims that set up majority rule in their colony. |
Squanto | Native American that helped pilgrims by showing them how to grow food using fish as a technique. |
Puritans | Religious group that wanted to stay in the Church of England and reform it. |
Massachusetts Bay Colony | The name of the colony that the Puritans established. |
Theocracy | Type of government in which religious leaders make the laws. |
John Winthrop | Governor of Massachusetts Bay, leader of the Puritans. |
William Bradford | Governor of Plymouth, leader of the Pilgrims. |
A Model of Christian Charity | Name of a speech given by John Winthrop that says Massachusetts will be an example of religious faith and hard work. |
Thomas Hooker | Founder of the Connecticut Colony. |
Roger Williams | The founder of Rhode Island, wanted peace with Native Americans. |
Rhode Island | The first colony that established religious freedom. |
Anne Hutchinson | Woman that challenged the leadership of Massachusetts Bay by holding her own church meetings. |
New Netherland | Dutch colony that would become New York, encouraged tolerance. |
Quakers | Religious group that settled Pennsylvania and believed in equality between men and women, that slavery was evil, and that they could experience God through an “Inner Light” |
The First Great Awakening | Religious movement that swept through the colonies in the early 1700s; a revival that led to more religious tolerance and more churches. |
George Whitefield | Famous preacher in the First Great Awakening that traveled all over the colonies. |
Jonathan Edwards | First Great Awakening preacher who preached the sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." |
Middle Passage | The journey slaves took from Africa to the Americas. |
Triangular Trade | A network of trading between the Americans, Europe and Africa exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods, and slaves. |
Mercantilism | The economic system in which a mother country sends manufactured goods to its colonies in exchange for raw materials. |
Georgia | Founded as a buffer colony and a place for the poor to work off their debts. |
Debtors | A person that owes money to another. |
James Edward Oglethorpe | Founder of Georgia colony. |
Cash Crops | Crops that are sold to make profits in a global market. |
Overt Resistance | Ways in which slaves fought back that were obvious; they ran away or led a rebellion against their owners. |
Passive Resistance | Ways slaves resisted slavery that were not obvious; they slowed down work, broke equipment, faked illnesses. |
The Navigation Acts | Laws passed by Parliament that regulated trade in the colonies so that only England benefited. (colonies could only trade with Great Britain.) |
William Penn | Leader of the Quakers that signed a treaty with the Native Americans. |
The French | Catholic nation that colonized America to profit off the fur trade with Natives. |